Domestic Violence Against Women

Domestic abuse against women In her news article, the spokesperson for amnesty international describes domestic violence as a worldwide phenomenon that violates the human rights of female victims (Mite, 2005). In addition, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) described violence against women as â€Å"a global epidemic that kills, tortures, and maims – physically, psychologically, sexually and economically. It is one of the most pervasive of human rights violations, denying women and girls equality, security, dignity, self-worth, and their right to enjoy fundamental freedoms† (UNICEF, 2000).I agree with the above assertions because violence against women is so rampant and it happens in all spheres of life, be it in homes, work places, on the streets, learning institutions, and during moments of war and peace alike. Because of the pervasiveness of domestic violence against women and its devastating physical and psychological effects, my paper will be focusin g on domestic violence against women in Canada.I believe that domestic abuse against women should be eradicated in this twenty-first century because it breeds psychic disempowerment, mental distress, and affects women’s health, wellness and self esteem. The question that this paper will address is the following: what resources should be made available to support female victims of domestic violence who are currently living with an abusive partner, or have recently left an abusive relationship? The paper will begin with a definition of domestic violence, followed by a discussion of resources and the nursing role.According to Etter and Birzer (2007), domestic violence occurs when a partner or former partner inflicts physical harm on someone with whom they have or previously had an intimate relationship. This physical harm can result in major or minor injury, and can be inflicted with or without a weapon. Researchers have identified supportive counseling as beneficial to female v ictims of domestic violence (Madoc-Jones & Roscoe, 2010; McNamara, Tamanini, & Pelletier-Walker, 2008). The emotional support that counseling offers can help female victims of domestic violence identify trengths and assets that they may not have been aware they possessed because their partners’ criticisms may have left them feeling worthless and feeling incapable of taking action to alter their circumstances. Working with a counselor would enable the women to develop a healthy self-image, become aware of their resilience and personal strength, and they may begin to see themselves as survivors of domestic violence as opposed to victims. By becoming aware of their strengths, women may begin to feel empowered and capable of mobilizing their personal resources to take steps towards leaving the abusive relationship.Counseling can also provide female victims of domestic violence with an opportunity to reduce their feelings of self-blame for the abuse they receive when they are made aware of the prevalence of domestic violence and the factors that contribute to it, such as patriarchal social structures, income differentials between men and women, and cultural norms that condone the use of physical aggression against women. This knowledge would help reduce their feelings of isolation and blame because they would understand that they are not alone in their experience of domestic violence.Because of the economic dependency of women on their abusers (Sanders, Weaver, & Schnabel, 2007), the social structure has placed women on the receiving end by keeping them down economically through lower wages and less opportunities for employment (Sanders, Weaver, & Schnabel, 2007). As a result, it can be argued that belonging to a low income group and economic dependence, among other factors, may be linked to higher rates of spousal assault against women. Many low income female victims of domestic violence are at a high risk of developing psychological problems such as depres sion, stress, and low self esteem (Hare, 2010).They are also emotionally attached to the abuser to the extent that they cannot leave a relationship for fear of being left alone in a wretched economic situation (Hare, 2010). As a result, some may be worried about child support and financial assistance, and others may be afraid of the threats of retaliation and abduction of children by the abuser. Given that economic dependence is significant in domestic abuse, there is a need for victims to create their own economic independence. In this way, women would no longer look at men as the sole bread winners of the family or providers of childcare and financial ssistance, and they would be able to support themselves financially if they were to leave their abusive partners. To implement the above, the government needs to provide access to job training and education geared towards female victims of domestic violence. This could serve as a fundamental tool that dismantles a vicious cycle of op pression, abuse and poverty of women. Given that the nursing profession plays an important role in public health, nurses can use their skills to advocate on behalf of the abused by creating awareness about the impact of domestic violence against women.Advocacy could also involve referrals to resources for women, such as counseling services and shelters for women leaving abusive partners, as well as providing victims with information about how to protect themselves against abuse, helping them develop a safety plan, and helping to reduce their feelings of self-blame and shame by highlighting the pervasiveness of domestic violence. This paper identified some of the resources that would provide support and assistance to female victims of domestic violence, such as economic support and counseling.The importance of economic support cannot be overlooked because financial independence can lead to improvements in psychological health and well-being, and creates the material means through whi ch these women can escape from an abusive relationship. In addition, counseling can reduce women’s isolation, self-blame, and help them identify their assets and personal resources, which can boost their self-confidence and provide them with the strength to leave the abuser.

A view from the bridge †Arthur Miller Essay

When Marco and Rodolfo appear in Catherine’s life, she matures very quickly, perhaps making up for the time lost when Eddie kept her at home as a baby as Beatrice says: â€Å"Well, you kept her a baby, you wouldn’t let her go out†. Beatrice is urging Catherine to grow up and, as if she suspects some of Eddie’s feelings for her niece, points out to her the ways in which she should act around the house: â€Å"you still walk around in front of him in your slip †¦ or like you sit on the edge of the bathtub talkin’ to him when he’s shavin’ in his underwear †¦ if you act like a baby he be treatin’ you like a baby†. When Catherine falls in love with Rodolfo, her love for Eddie is split and she is confused. Eddie does not help his situation by being so stubborn about not allowing Catherine to grow up. She detaches herself from him and although she still loves him as a father figure, she does not seem to trust him anymore: she does not tell him about the wedding between her and Rodolfo – Beatrice does: â€Å"they’re going to get married next week, Eddie†. Beatrice is affected by the arrival of her cousins in her state of mind. The audience find out that she and Eddie are having marital problems: â€Å"It’s almost three months you don’t feel good; they’re only here a couple of weeks† and although they guess that it is to do with Catherine, they do not know whether of not Beatrice does. It is not until the end that the audience find out that Beatrice knows about Eddie’s feelings for Catherine although in hindsight, Beatrice could have been urging Catherine to grow up because she guessed Eddie’s flaw. It is at the end when it is finally said out loud â€Å"You want somethin’ else, Eddie, and you can’t have her! † when the audience finds out about Beatrice knowing and through this, she gains the audience’s sympathy because she has had to carry around this awful secret showing how loyal to her husband she has been by hardly mentioning it. Beatrice is also worn down by having to keep peace between her niece and husband. She desperately wants them to be friends and as happy as they were before with no secrets or lies â€Å"she wants to ask you. Come on, Katie, ask him. We’ll have a party! What’re we gonna do, hate each other? â€Å". Beatrice’s cousins end up wearing her out as she tries to hold her family together despite all of the hatred and love going on around her. When Marco and Rodolfo first arrive at the Carbone household, they are grateful to Eddie for letting them stay and they are willing to do as he tells them: â€Å"I want to tell you now Eddie – when you say go, we will go†. They greatly respect Eddie and are willing to do all he says like when Rodolfo’s singing is making Eddie uneasy, Marco tells Rodolfo firmly â€Å"You’ll be quiet Rodolfo† obeying Eddie’s commands. They are grateful towards Eddie because he is keeping them and hiding them as they are illegal immigrants into America. Eddie is very overprotective of Catherine and when she and Rodolfo start going out with each other, he is annoyed that firstly Rodolfo did not ask his permission to do so, as would have been the custom in Sicily, and secondly that they stayed out late which infuriated him † I don’t want you hangin’ around Times Square, see? â€Å". As her guardian, Eddie expects to oversee all of her movements. Marco is eager to please Eddie and tries to ensure that his brother does not overstep the mark in this new culture. When Eddie decides to teach Rodolfo to fight and hits him, Marco is keen to show that although his brother might not be very good at defending himself, the strength which Marco possesses is more than enough to beat Eddie. The audience learns this through actions which are dictated in the stage directions at the end of Act One: â€Å"He kneels, grasps, and with strain slowly raises the chair higher and higher †¦ a strained tension gripping his eyes and jaw, his neck stiff, the chair raised like a weapon over Eddie’s head†. Marco does not strike Eddie at this time because he still has respect for him. Despite this show of aggression, it does not stop Rodolfo continuing to go out with Catherine and pursuing the ‘American Dream’. Eddie does not believe that Rodolfo has genuine, sincere feelings for Catherine and just wants to marry her to obtain an American Passport. He counteracts this theory by saying to Catherine â€Å"You think I would carry on my back the rest of my life a woman I didn’t love just to be an American? â€Å". Eddie ends up betraying Rodolfo and Marco to the immigration office because of his jealousy and obsessiveness about Catherine. He does not realise these are the reasons though: he just wants to â€Å"protect† Catherine. His betrayal of Beatrice’s cousins is Eddie’s tragic downfall which links back to the classical tragedies. Eddie wants justice as he does not believe that Rodolfo is marrying Catherine for love but cannot prove it. It is because of this that he betrays Marco and Rodolfo in another way, he betrays their trust. The irony of the matter is that Eddie is not satisfied with the American way of justice: â€Å"you mean to tell me that there’s no law that a guy which he ain’t right can go to work and marry a girl and -â€Å". Marco does not believe in the American law either, he would rather get revenge himself than let the law do it or others for him as can be seen at the end of the play when Marco fights Eddie. In Marco’s eyes, by betraying him, Eddie has killed his family as their only source of income to buy food was through him. Eddie did not uphold the family loyalty and in that has broken the laws of family honour, a law stronger than the laws of the country in Marco’s eyes so therefore the punishment should be as heavy as the crime committed. Marco does not believe that American justice is forceful enough for the crimes committed, Miller has ironically made both Marco’s and Eddie’s view about American justice the same. Miller makes the audience have to think about which is the worse crime, being an illegal immigrant or cutting the lifeline of a whole family as Eddie did. The protagonist, Eddie, suffers a downfall at the end of the play: he is killed. This downfall is directly related to his flaw, his jealousy and love of Catherine, and, before he is killed, looses his reputation. As Marco and Rodolfo are taken away by the immigration officers, Marco spits in Eddie’s face and announces to the whole street what has been done and that he â€Å"stole the food from my children†. Eddie, although he does not deny it, he defies the claims saying â€Å"I gave them the blankets off my bed, six months I kept them as my brothers†: he is trying to prove to the crowd that he has no cause to betray the brothers and he is counting on his honest reputation to see him through and to have others believe him. When they don’t, he feels ruined and all he wants is his reputation back: the only way to do that is to â€Å"give it back to me in front of this neighbourhood, or we have it out†. Eddie has lost everything from this and just wants his dignity back but Marco does not give that to him either, he kills him and justice is done, the Sicilian way. Tragic climax in the play supported the themes raised throughout the play. There is a sense of climax at the point in the play where Eddie comes home drunk to find Catherine and Rodolfo in the bedroom together and he ends up kissing Rodolfo. This part of the play is following the theme of love, for Catherine, and jealousy on Eddie’s part of Rodolfo. The pace at this point of the play is fast and, although there is the sense of inevitability, the audience is taken by surprise by the twists and turns the play takes. The audience are shocked when Beatrice points out to Eddie and the audience his tragic flaw but because of the fast pace, there is no time for the audience or characters to dwell on the matter because then Marco arrives. With his arrival, anger flows freely between him and Eddie and neither tries to hide it. Eddie makes out how he has been victimised and asks the people in a sarcastic way â€Å"maybe he come to apologize to me†. The audience does not find out why Marco came back but at that time it is not really relevant. The focus is on Eddie and the audience realises that this is the climax the entire play has been building up to: the tragic end that has been inevitable since Alfieri’s first speech. The audience is tense and need the fast pace to feed their interest about what is going to happen next. The ironic death at the end: Eddie killed by his own hand and weapon makes the audience see that Eddie’s flaw has brought all this on himself. At the end of the play, there is a feeling of justice and revenge in the air, linking back to the tragic themes again, also, obviously, death. At the very end of the play, Alfieri makes a closing speech summarising and creating an affect of catharsis leaving the audience calm instead of tense, the effect of the ending if Alfieri had not concluded. The context of the play works as a tragedy because of the cultural backgrounds of the characters and their way of life. Alfieri has cleverly picked a culture that still runs as the Greeks did with high standards to live up to and strong family values. By using Alfieri as a modern day chorus, Miller mirrors a classical tragedy set-up keeping the audience informed and creating the element of predestination. By using a modern context, Miller has shown the audience that theories on honour and respect have not changed much since the Greeks. Alfieri’s message at the end of the play to the audience is that the truth should always be told. It shows that although Eddie did not know his feelings for Catherine, someone could have told him and the problem could have been sorted. If people had talked more to each other and instead of fighting about everything, just talked, maybe the whole thing could have been resolved.

Fun at School Essay

† Is a conspiracy theory defined primarily by its internal narrative characteristics or by its external discursive position?† The answer to this quote is because the term â€Å"conspiracy theory† is not a neutral descriptor; it is commonly deployed as a term of disqualification for narratives that may, on their qualities, deserve thought. Further, when attached to a writer or thinker, the label â€Å"conspiracy theorist† can carry a shame similar in kind (if not degree) to that suffered by those designated â€Å"mentally ill.† I don’t think that I am paranoid that much because I don’t have to believe what other people say about their theories. I see others paranoid though every day. I think some conspiracy theorist could have a bad rap because people do not like what they have to say. For example 9/11 people say terrorist flew into the twin towers. Conspiracy theorist say there where bombs planted throughout the building and that the att ack was plotted by our own government. Of course this is going to give these people a bad rap. If our society believes our own government is attacking us and they don’t want to believe it’s true then it falls back on the conspiracy theorist giving him a bad rap. I do agree America is more paranoid then other countries because of the hype of conspiracy theories like sandy hook, 9/11, and all the deaths of famous people like Tupac, and JFK. Other countries may have more problems than us like war and food and water and they need more help than us, so why are we the ones paranoid and they are not. To me this shows America has only a few things to believe and one of those things being conspiracy theories. other countries have to worry about sustaining a life and living when Americans are thinking is Tupac really dead? Is this right for us to think like that? Do we really have problems here in the U.S.?

The Issue with Sex Offenders at MySpace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Issue with Sex Offenders at MySpace - Essay Example Sullivan discusses the fallout of the seemingly innocuous experiment run by Wired News reporter Kevin Poulsen, in which Poulsen matched registered sex offenders against MySpace profiles and discovered hundreds of matches (116). MySpace’s response was to hire a third-party vendor to compare member profiles to registered sex offender rolls and â€Å"root out sex criminals from the site† (117). A debate arose, however, regarding the amount of time associated with the action that MySpace took. MySpace identified 7,000 profiles of members who were potentially on the registered sex offender rolls, but this action took several months. MySpace promptly deleted the profiles but did not notify authorities at the same time (117). Sullivan states that â€Å"the presence of 7,000 registered offenders on the site—and the time span required to remove them, raises inevitable questions about MySpace’s ability to keep its neighborhood safe† (119). Conversely, Texas A & M student Kevin Alexander wrote â€Å"MySpace Not Responsible for Predators†, an article discussing the experience of a 14-year old girl who met and was allegedly raped by a 19-year old man she befriended on MySpace (119). Alexander argues that the lack of age verification by MySpace does not preclude the responsibility of those using the service to act with caution and common sense (119). He believes that culpability resides with the parent and child who made poor decisions with tragic consequences (120). When setting up a profile, MySpace users must sign a waiver indicating that they understand that MySpace has no control over the actions of its users online or offline (120). The nature of the MySpace service limits the amount of power the company has over who is a member at any given time. Even the action taken in the previous example in which MySpace checked member profiles against the registered sex offender rolls would not have identified this particular situation as a threat to anyone. Online users should be aware of the dangers inherent to cyberspace usage, protect their personal information, and only consider meeting online acquaintances in secure situations. Additionally, parents should educate their children, monitor their online behavior, and not allow them to meet strangers without supervision (120). According to Alexander, by using MySpace, the mother, in this case, sends â€Å"the wrong message by deflecting the responsibility onto a Web site that has no control over sociopaths† (120). Both authors agree that there is a risk inherent to the use of services such as the one offered by MySpace. However, they differ in the assessment of who should assume the responsibility of mitigating this risk. Sullivan prescribes to the idea that companies are ultimately responsible to protect the end users of their products and services wherever possible. Sullivan implies that MySpace has a social responsibility to identify threats and take act ion to create a safe and secure environment, and to protect the children who use the service for fun and entertainment. Alexander believes that people must apply common sense and act in an individually responsible manner. Users should be cautious and careful in all online interactions, and should not depend on the company to do this for them.  

Immunopharmacolgy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Immunopharmacolgy - Essay Example The authors showed also that phosphoramidon significantly potentiates neuropeptide-induced airway microvascular leakage at proximal intrapulmonary airways, but not at any other airway level (ibid, p. 945). There are no available data about the combined action of posphoramidon and histamine and capscaicin. Nevertheless, some authors discuss the mechanisms of interaction between peptidergic and histaminergic stimuli in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (Crimi et al., 1995; O'Connor et al., 2004; Kirsch et al., 1992; Crimi et al., 1988). For example, the results of Intalian scientists (Crimi et al., 1995) provided evidence of phosphoramidon role in the mediation of Bradykinin-related responses but not in the mediation of histaminergic effects. Contrarily, capsaicin and phosphoramidon have synergistic effects on the bronchial tone (Sagara et al., 1993). To determine whether the epithelium influenced the effect of endogenously released and exogenously released substance P on smooth muscle function there is expediently to conduct two different experiments. The first one will test the action of exogenously released substance P and can be conducted in vivo with the administration of substance P via inhalation. The effects of endogenously released substance P could be tested in the in vitro study with isolated tracheal ring where some of them will be processed by the airway epithelium removal. Th The major effect of epithelium removal on the contractile response to substance P could be related to the loss of neutral endopeptidase and neuropeptide degradation. This hypothesis also is proved by the numerous experimental studies (Toews et al., 1997; Frossard et al., 1989 etc) References 1. Crimi et al. (1988) Effect of nedocromil on bronchospasm induced by inhalation of substance P in asthmatic subjects. Clin Allergy. 18(4) pp. 375-82 2. Crimi et al. (1995) Effect of an inhaled neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, phosphoramidon, on baseline airway calibre and bronchial responsiveness to bradykinin in asthma. 4Thorax. 50(5):505-10. 3. Gallelli et al. (2003) Role of tachykinins in the bronchoconstriction induced by HCl intraesophageal instillation in the rabbit. Life Sci. 72(10) 1135-1142. 4. Kirsch et al. (1992) Mechanism of platelet activating factor-induced vascular leakage in the rat trachea. Exp Lung Res. 18(4) pp. 447-459. 5. 4Lotvall et al. (1991) Differential effects of phosphoramidon on neurokinin A- and substance P-induced airflow obstruction and airway microvascular leakage in guinea-pig. Br J Pharmacol. 104(4):945-9. 6. Marini et al. (1996) Endothelin-1 induces increased fibronectin expression in human bronchial epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 220(3) 896-899. 7. 4O'Connor et al. (2004) The role of substance P in inflammatory disease. J Cell Physiol. 201(2):167-80. 8. 4Sagara et al. (1993) Effect of capsaicin on the migration of eosinophils into the bronchi of guinea pigs Arerugi. 42(3 Pt 1):236-42 9. 4Toews, Ustinova & Schultz (1997) Lysophosphatidic acid enhances contractility of isolated airway smooth muscle. J Appl Physiol. 1997 Oct;83(4):1216-22. 10. 4Zhan, Adner & Cardell (2004) Interleukin-1beta attenuates endothelin B receptor-mediated airway contractions in a murine in vitro model of asthma: roles of endothelin converting enzyme and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Clin Exp Allergy. 34(9) pp.

Spss statistical analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Spss statistical analysis - Term Paper Example The quality of a lecture is measured on the ordinal scale from 1 to 100. The t-test is used for repeated measurements (Field 2009). There are two pairs of no aids-few aids and few aids-many aids and the paired t-test is performed on both of them. With the significant values of 0.006 and 0.000, both are smaller the cut off value of 0.05 the paired t-test showed that two all samples can be considered to have identical mean. In addition, lecture with few visual aids and many visual aids demonstrated significant correlation. The paired t-test revealed that there is no significant difference in the mean value of lecture quality depending on the amount of visual aids. It indicated that for all three cases an identical mean can be considered. The post hoc Tukey HSD indicates significant difference between groups of people training 6 and 12 weeks and between 6 weeks and 24 weeks. The 12 and 24 weeks groups did not show significant differences. The between-subject variable is the main sport of the participant which is defined in the first column. There are many ways to perform analysis of sport related statistical data (Williams & Wragg, 2004). This dataset contains two possible sport disciplines represented in this dataset. Independent samples test is an adequate research tool for this

Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Banking - Essay Example ing overtaken by Dutch giant ING for a measly sum of  £1, and exposing the risky environment in which equity corporations scale catastrophic limits in order to make a quick profit. At the heart of the devastating scam was a person with a huge appetite for risk-taking but hardly any accountability towards the bank, Nick Leeson. Overnight, the unscrupulous futures’ trader from London who was previously the poster boy for Barings’ high-growth earnings from Singapore’s premium monetary exchange, SIMEX (In 1993, he documented nearly 10% of the bank’s profits in futures’ trading), took special advantage of the bank’s vulnerability in not being able to hedge the risks that come with dealing in a concern as sensitive as this. This is what happened. Nick Leeson’s job as Chief Trader at SIMEX was to buy and sell the simplest kind of derivatives pegged to the Nikkei-225 stock exchange of Japan. This job entails the methodology of a skilled bookie who basically, bets on what people are likely to bet on in the future course. Despite booking profits on various occasions, some of Leeson’s predictions proved incorrect. The idea to fool the bank management in covering up details of unsuccessful tradings came from devising an unaudited bank account, called error account 88888, to fix  £20,000 goofed up by an inexperienced team member, which was later to serve as Leeson’s personal getaway in covering up failed investment strategies. Even as the entire audit team of Barings’ was kept in dark about what was the tip of the iceberg then, Leeson managed to document account losses which were initially at  £2 million in 1992 to an astronomical figure of  £208 million by 1994. The final blow

Family nurse practitioner program Personal Statement

Family nurse practitioner program - Personal Statement Example The education would be tailored on encouragement of healthy lifestyles in order to prevent the chronic illnesses such as cancer and other serious diseases and this I would do using my own real life example as I have experience with chronic illness. I have a background undergraduate degree in psychology as well as an AND. This is an indicator that I am dedicated to my education and would love to expand it and acquire more knowledge. The future of nursing practitioners is bright what with the passing of the Affordable Care Act and I would like to be on the forefront of providing the necessary services and especially through leadership and community support as a way of aiming for the quality health care needed. Having worked at various health facilities such as Bogarts Cancer Center and Children’s Hospital as well as Cedars Sinai as a neurosurgery nurse among others, I have come to value the opinion of the senior nurses because they have not only the knowledge but experience and this is something I envy in them and would like to have as well. I am also a very strong believer in advancing one’s level of education as education provides knowledge which is power and I want to attain that power to change the future lives of my patients however much I can. I have the potential of working as an advanced nurse not only based on my background education in nursing but because of my personal experiences of how nurses can help patients and their families during sickness. My father was diagnosed with brain cancer and this was a difficult time in our lives. The nurses in the cancer centers and hospitals were very supportive offering shoulders to cry on and hope to live even after he passed away. This experience combined with my candy striper passion and participation volunteer provides a strong motivation and determination to help the patients through their suffering. I would lie to be more involved on a one on one

Analysis of Early Urban Societies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis of Early Urban Societies - Assignment Example According to (Wilsons, 14) most people moved to cities seeking jobs. The majority of those who moved to cities were from smaller communities considered minority. The migrants came from within America and from other surrounding continents such as Africa and Asia. Those from Africa were mainly from western and northern African countries. On the contrary, those living in the cities from majority groups found a reason to move back to the suburbs because of the introduction of new methods of farming. The new farming methods included the use of machines that enabled them to plow large sections of land over a short period of time, the use of fertilizers that increased productivity and the implementation of new farming techniques that ensured the conservation of land. The use of machines, however, had a negative impact on the employment of the African Americans who were working in the in the farms since they were replaced by the machines. The technology was introduced in farming and this made it a very lucrative (Henderson & Thisse, 65). It led to the rapid development of both the urban cities and the rural towns which were now growing due to the farming. This movement of the opposites had a big impact on the social, political and economic aspects of the society. The government has a very limited base for its revenues because the majority of people in the cities who were better financially had moved to suburbs. The city was hence left with a large a population that was less qualified and less productive. This left those in cities jobless because majority depended on majorly on those who left for low paying jobs. The people who were their employers and had professional qualifications had left for the suburbs. Poverty and desperation among the unemployed youth led to an increase in criminal activity in the cities (Wilsons, 23) Â  

From Call My People Home Essay Example for Free

From Call My People Home Essay The poem is about the journey of the narrator. It was not just a simple journey away from home but a joyride of his lifetime. The narrator’s life is simple yet complicated. Though he was just a fisherman at the sea, he has many circumstances that he continues to think of. The author illustrated the narrator’s life and journey in a descriptive way that is why the poem became longer than expected. However, the argument and discussion of the narrator’s life is simple – his difficulty in seeing his family due to his work in the sea as a fisherman but in the end of the poem, he was home at last. For me, I can say that there are many passages or parts of the poem that are difficult to understand but the most difficult is in the first stanza – The snug and round one, warm as a woman / With her stove stocked at night and her lanterns lit. I do not know what the author is trying to say in this part during the first read but as I read it many times, the woman was his boat who seemed to be his own after many years. This boat became his wife and home while he was in the sea to fish for his living. On the other hand, my favorite passage in this poem is in the last stanza – For the last time, watching the naval men / Make a note of her number, take my name. / That was the end of my thirty years at the fishing / And the end of my boat, my home. This part was the most amazing and greatest part for me because it reveals the happiness and sadness of the narrator in these passages. He was happy as he ended his journey at the sea and could be able to rest but sad for it ended his attachment to his wife and home – his boat. Work Cited From Call My People Home

Generic Conventions of Documentary

Generic Conventions of Documentary The Purpose of this Essay is to explore the Generic Conventions of Documentary and Documentary photography, comparing the two and to explore how street photography has evolved since its introduction in the late 19th century. This essays primary purpose is to Examine How Street Photography came about and how it has changed since it was revolutionised in the early 20th Century, then it will explore and compare two photographers who forever changed the way that street photography is perceived, The secondary purpose of this essay will be to debate the question, unlike documentary photography, which sets out to record historical events and everyday life, does street photography need a subject in the image in particular with Eugene Atget, who went around photographing various street corners and shops in Paris without a person in the photo. First of all, one must ask the question, exactly what is a photograph? In The Photograph, Graham Clarke Describes the word Photograph as Light Writing, he goes on to say that it also speaks as an underlying concern to control light and time and that the photograph not only signals a different relationship to and over nature, it speaks very much to a sense of power in a way that we seek to construct the world around us Clarke, (1997, P11). In most photographs its left up to the viewer on how they read and perceive a photograph, Graham Clark continues by saying The photograph has a multiple existence which informs its multiple meanings, its seeming simplicity of form and function belies an implicit problematic of sight and representation Clarke, (1997, P11) What Clarke is suggesting to the viewer is that photographs have multiple layers of text conveyed within one image, Clarke wants the viewer to look closer and determine what the photograph means to each person individually and why its being represented in this way In relation to street photography this is the main question to be explored in the second part of this essay. So how does one read a photograph? A picture is worth a thousand words, but how does one interpret them? Every time the viewer sees an image he or she has their own personal view of that image so it falls to the photographer or artist to put their own messages/meanings behind their images and leave the interpretation open to the viewer, Photographic Art Generally falls into four main types of photographic genres, Landscape, Portraiture, Fine Art, and Documentary, each picture in each genre gives off a different emotional response In Particular Eugene Atget and Cartier Bressons Photographic styles would fall into the Landscape Documentary categories. So lets look at what these two categories are, in photography; The Key Concepts, David Bate describes documentary photography as Telling a story with pictures, Documentary photography gave new life and social function, Documentary aimed to show in an informal way the everyday lives of ordinary people, to other ordinary people -ÂÂ   Bate, (2009, P45). This emerged as popular practise following the First World War, and began to develop through the 20th century, after the horrors of the First World War, more and more photographers went out and photographed everyday events happening to normal everyday people out in the streets, this social documentary work went on to dominate the early 20th century with people undertaking projects based on the after effects on war and how it changed the lives of everyday peoples lives forever, One such example would be the 1972 accidental napalm attack in the Vietnamese war, one of the most reproduced images of that time, Robert Haeberles People abo ut to be shot which Clarke describes as An anonymous war machine raining down napalm accidentally on innocent children but such a narrative cannot deflect us from the presence of intense agony Clarke (1997, P160) By looking at this photo the reader is invited to feel all the emotions these children went through, screams, cries and sorrow, but the photographer is trying to invite the reader to understand that although we can see visually how horrible the events were, that theres nothing more horrible than what the innocent subjects were going through, The Photographer Robert Haeberles statement himself guys were about to shoot these people I yelled hold it and shot my pictures, M16s opened up and from the corner of my eye I saw bodies falling but I did not turn to look Rovert Haeberle Clarke, (1997, P160). Next theres Landscape Photography, there are many different narratives that landscape photography could fall in to, but the main thing to think about with street photography in landscapes is what is the photographer attempting to show the reader in a landscape picture? Is it just the environment, the place, or is it perhaps a landscape being dominated by the presence of humans in the photograph, In David Bates Photography, the key concepts, Bate goes on to say what this means is that whatever is seen is always coded via the picture. Therefore HOW the material is seen in the picture, the way it is pictured, is as critical as what is shown Bate, (2009, P90) the photographer is encouraging the reader to think of the bigger picture of what the landscape photograph represents, Roger Fenton, one of the early Pioneers in photography was one of the first to make the reader question and think about what they were viewing, his approach was to places that had been established as tourist areas, places that people already had a view on, places of great beauty and social harmony In his approach to landscape Fenton both reflects a highly specific cultural vocabulary based on literature and painting, this sense of the photographer as privileged tourist is underscored by the way Fenton often photographed tourist areas which had already been depicted in painting and literature his images reflect the leisurely assumptions of a class of people who looked upon landscape scenery in aesthetic and philosophical terms (Clarke, 1997, P56). The photograph often gives off a hint of a unified Britain, but Fenton, a war photographer, is trying the challenge the readers views and make you see the bigger picture, look beyond the picture and think of problems that may have been going on around that area at the time. This brings the essay on to Part two, firstly unlike Documentary Photography, does Street Photography need a person in the photo? As mentioned earlier in the essay this is left very open to the viewer to make their mind up, Eugene Atget didnt think it did, Eugene Atget was one of the main pioneers in 20th century street photography, and most of his work was done on the streets of Paris, his photos that do have people are very surreal, questioning our perception of what is dream and what is reality, looking at one of Atgets pieces of work, A Corner, rue de seine, As quoted by Clive Scott in Street Photography, From Atget to Cartier Bresson Perhaps the most celebrated photograph of this street is the one that Atget took on an early May morning in 1924, a photo of a wedge shaped building at the corner of the rue de seine, The oblique view shown here emphasizes the rapid foreshadowing created by the wide angle lens, the distortion produced by the lens also gives the building a marked pre cariousness, is this tilting to the right a consequence of intoxication or old age? The building has open eyes, only on the third and fourth floors at the near end, everywhere else in the building is sealed in somnolence or death -(Scott, 2007, P178/P180) The Photograph is a very surreal image which is challenging the reader to try decode its many layers, The viewer sees it as an image with a lot of gothic potential, the mist adds to this effect, and the building is shown to be in disrepair, so although the image is shown without subjects, theres a much deeper hidden meaning, a very dark and dreary meaning that could perhaps signal a change in cultures, the building is old, very pre-World War One, perhaps this image also trying to indicate a struggle to adapt to the new world after war, also although most of the text in image is left blurred or too small to read, we can clearly read the words petit bouif which is actually a shoe repair shop, which Atget is also well known for photog raphing,ÂÂ   we also see the pictures of what we assume are lost family pets, again we can relate this back to the time, 6 years after the world war ended what exactly has Paris become. Moving on to Cartier Bresson,ÂÂ   much of his work is not actually considered documentary photographer, he was a revolutionary photographer who couldnt really be placed into any single genre, he did almost every type of photography you could do, but although he wasnt a documentary photographer, one of his most well-known images that Im going to look at is, the photo was taken outside the train station saint lazar, although colour camera did not exist at this time Bresson noticed the rain in the foreground, and the beautiful mist like feature blocking the houses in the background, and by chance he saw a man jumping over the picture which he then snapped on his black and white camera, we can see from the picture that the man was caught in mid motion, the blur that has appeared from the mans speed but also the contrast makes the picture stand out more, so we have to ask the question, had the man not been there jumping over the ladder when Bresson snapped him, would this have becom e arguably Bressons most well-known photograph? Although there is still a lot going on in the picture, such as the ladder and rubble in front of it, the railowsky sign clearly visible in the midground, and even the other person visible near the background, at least in this case although Bresson may not have been a documentary photographer, this picture is a documentary photograph Reference List: Scott, Clive. Street Photography. London: I.B. Tauris, 2007. Print. Bate, D. (2009). Photography. Oxford: Berg. Clarke, G. (1997). The photograph. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Violence And Fear Created By Gangs Criminology Essay

Violence And Fear Created By Gangs Criminology Essay The term gang has instilled fear in communities and neighborhoods for decades. This fear is created by the violence exhibited by prison, street and motorcycle gangs. The media shows and tells the public that no one is safe and anyone at anytime could become a victim in the gang wars. This portrayal in the media causes parents, neighborhoods and communities to shut down in the fight against gangs. Gangs are able to survive and thrive off of this fear created not only by their actions but by the media as well. Knowledge is power in the fight against gangs as well as the prevention of membership. Should we be as concerned as this fear has lead us to be? Gangs: Should We Be Concerned? A gang is defined as a group of individuals that work or act together, particularly criminals or juvenile delinquents (Agnes, 2003, p.268). A gangster is defined as a member of a gang (Agnes, 2003, p.268). The term gangster was first used in the 1890s to label the Chicago thugs who used violence and other illegal methods to make sure their favorite candidates for political office were elected (Blackwood, 2002). The period that is most associated with gangsters is the 1920s. This is the period that the term gangster was used to also include criminals such as bootleggers, kidnappers, bank robbers, extortionists and hit men. The term has maintained popularity over the years and is still used to label members of a gang. Gangs in the 1920s and gangs now are similar in that both gained control of an illegal market. The liquor trade was controlled in the 1920s during Prohibition and the drug trade is currently controlled by gangs (Blackwood, 2002). This control of an illegal market also brings arrests, violence, weapons and money. Being a part of a gang then was about making money and today that is still the goal. Money, however, is just one factor in the desire to become a gangster. Gangs formed before the 1980s fit the traditional definition of a gang. These gangs began defending turf, however, grew into large organizations that became heavily involved in the drug trade and other criminal activity. Fists, chains and knives that were used in earlier gangs were replaced with automatic firearms and drive by shootings. The average size of a traditional gang is one hundred and eighty members and has distinct structure and organization (Sonder, 1996). Many cities such as Washington, D.C. and Philadelphia have a few of the larger organized gangs and even more of the loosely organized gangs. These gangs are considered neighborhood gangs. The newer, smaller gangs tend to be less involved with drugs and violence. These smaller gangs are more diverse and tend to have white, female, and even middle class members. Some of these gangs take names similar to the nationally known gangs and participate in graffiti, etc. but may not be overly violent or heavily involved in drug sales. Parents, police, and the community still need to be vigilant in combating these gangs as there is a possibility of more violence and criminal activity over time (Barbour, 2006). The statistics that back up the gang problem are eye opening. There were over twenty one thousand gangs identified in the United States and over seven hundred thirty one thousand gang members identified in 2002. In that same year, one thousand two hundred and thirty two homicides were attributed to gang activity (Barbour, 2006). The ethnic make-up of gang members is diverse. Forty nine percent are Latino, thirty four are black, ten percent are white, six percent are Asian, and one percent is other (Barbour, 2006). There are more Latino gangs, which include Hispanic, due to immigration, the need for fast money and the perception that there is a need for protection from other gangs. Gang experts advise there are multiple reasons individuals join gangs. These reasons include but are not limited to peer pressure, self esteem issues, poverty, yearning for excitement, survival, the want to make fast money, gain power, and attract members of the opposite sex. The main reason an individual joins a gang is to feel a sense of belonging and protection (Barbour, 2006). Many juveniles join gangs due to an unstable family environment that normally provides a sense of belonging and protection. For these juveniles, a gang is their family and serves the purpose of a traditional family (Barbour, 2006). For others, it is a rite of passage to join the same gang as their family members are already in. In the latter situation, gangs and the lifestyle of the gang is simply a way of life for these juveniles (Barbour, 2006). Juveniles enter the gang early and begin committing crimes immediately. Power and entitlement are other factors that encourage gang membership. Gang members are often individuals with high ambitions who have a fantasy about making fast money and gaining expensive cars and flashy jewelry (Sonder, 1996). Obtaining these items seems out of reach and would take too long to achieve so gang life seems the only alternative. Committing crime appears to be an easier method to obtain the fantasy of high achievement (Sonder, 1996). Gangs are a contributing factor in juveniles committing violent crimes in both small and large cities. Members of gangs are relocating from urban areas to suburban areas. This move expands the gangs control of drug distribution, money, new members, evading law enforcement and other gangs (National Drug Intelligence, 2009). A study of delinquent acts in Rochester, NY showed that gang members accounted for sixty eight percent of all violent offenses committed by juveniles. In Denver, a similar study reflected seventy nine percent of all violent offenses were attributed to juveniles that were members of a gang. Gang related homicides involving juveniles has increased by more than fifty percent according to Professor James Alan Fox, a Northeastern University criminologist (Barbour, 2006, p.17). Those statistics are a representation of juveniles and gang activity. Law enforcement officials have reported that eighty percent of criminal activity is gang related, involving both juvenile and adult members (National Drug Intelligence, 2009). As far as what type of gang a juvenile or adult becomes a member of depends, as there are several different types of gangs. According to the National Gang Intelligence Center of 2009 there are three types of gangs. There are street gangs, prison gangs, and outlaw motorcycle gangs. Street gangs that operate in multi jurisdictions across the country are a huge threat due to the control of such a large geographical area. Street gangs that commit criminal acts such as violence and drugs are the greatest threat to society. That threat becomes intensified as the street gangs migrate from urban areas to suburban and rural areas. Prison gangs are a major threat due to the control and influence over the street gangs in the community, even from prison. The structure of prison gangs is highly organized and acts as a criminal network within the state and local prisons. Members that have been released from prison also assist in the day to day operations of the prison gang. Released members generally return to their community and resume old gang affiliations. Once old gang affiliations are resumed, the member then recruits street gang members to carry out criminal acts for the prison gang. Prison gangs control the distribution of drugs within the prison but also in the community in some cases as well (Know Gangs, n.d.). Outlaw motorcycle gangs are also a public safety threat in the communities where they operate as they take part in various criminal acts, frequently use violence, and counter the efforts of law enforcement. Some of the criminal activity outlaw motorcycle gangs participate in are drug and weapons smuggling as well as violent crime. Outlaw motorcycle gangs are highly organized and structured. There are regulations on membership, conduct, and even criminal activity. The size of the gang ranges from a single chapter to hundreds of chapters throughout (National Drug Intelligence, 2009). The most widely known street and prison gangs are the Aryan Brotherhood, La eme (Mexican Mafia), Latin Kings, Gangster Disciples, Texas Syndicate, Crips, Bloods, and MS-13(Mara Salvatrucha). The most widely known outlaw motorcycle gangs are the Hells Angels and Mongols. Fear is the one thing that all of these gangs have in common. By putting fear into the community, they are controlling it. The Aryan Brotherhood originated in 1967 at the San Quentin Prison in California. This gang was originally formed as protection from black prisoners, however, it quickly turned into a lucrative criminal enterprise. Members have a white supremacist, Neo-Nazi mentality; however, have a working relationship with Le-eme (Mexican Mafia). Symbols of the Aryan Brotherhood are Shamrock clover leaves, swastikas, double lightning bolts, initials AB, and the numbers 666(Inside Prison, 2006). Members have a deep rooted hatred towards blacks and black gangs such as the Crips, Bloods, and Gangster Disciples. A violent act must be committed for initiation Blood in, Blood out). There is also a creed that all members must abide by: I will stand by my brother, My brother will come before all others, My life is forfeited should I fail my brother, I will honor my brother in peace and war(Inside Prison, 2006). This creed is evident during criminal prosecutions against members, such as the one in Santa Ana, California. In Santa Ana, California one of the largest death penalty cases was tried and involved four Aryan members. The trial revealed that the Aryan Brotherhood is a ruthless gang that murders anyone that opposes them, even their own members. Two of the members convicted were eligible for the death penalty due to their part in ordering a race war at a Lewisburg, Pennsylvania prison that resulted in the death of two black prisoners. Both members ended up with life without parole instead of death. The same two members responsible for the race war along with another accomplice also murdered another prisoner in 1989 (Inside Prison, 2006). La eme also known as the Mexican Mafia began in California in 1957. The day to day operations are of a paramilitary structure that includes a president, vice president, lieutenants, sergeants, and generals. Under these high ranking officials, there are soldiers, suppliers and associates. There is a twelve rule Constitution that must be followed by all members: Membership is for life, all members must be prepared to kill or be killed for the greater good of the gang, every member must be disciplined and work through weaknesses, never let the gang down, a sponsoring member is completely responsible for all actions of the new member and if the member turns out to be a snitch the sponsor must eliminate the new member, when disrespected by any person, all members must eliminate that person, maintain a high level of integrity at all times, never speak of la eme business, each member can express opinions, each member can organize, arm, and defend la eme, each member has the right to wear la eme tattoo, and the last rule is that la eme is a criminal enterprise and will participate in any and all criminal acts for monetary benefit(Inside prison, 2006). The symbol of the Mexican Mafia is the national symbol of Mexico, which is both an eagle and a snake on a circle with flames, along with crossed knives (Inside Prison, 2006). The Mexican Mafia was created as a way to gain more freedom over the prison underworld which was controlled by whites. The Italian Mafia was the template for the creation of the Mexican Mafia. Over a short period of time they began to control the narcotic traffic in the California prison system and develop their own trademark (Inside Prison, 2006). The Mexican Mafia has a specific manner in which contract murders are carried out that became their trademark. The manner involves kidnapping, binding, and gagging the victim with duct tape prior to putting bullets into the back of the skull. The body is then wrapped in a blanket and disposed of in a remote location. This method was demonstrated in the 1997 robbery on West French Place that did not go as planned. Five individuals were blindfolded and duct taped then shot several times in the back of the skull (Inside Prison, 2006). Gangster Disciples, also called Black Gangster Disciples was created in the 1960s by David Barksdale, leader of the Gonzanto Disciples and Larry Hoover, leader of the Supreme Disciples. These two groups combined and formed the Black Gangster Disciples. David Barksdale was the leader and Larry Hoover was second in command. David Barksdale died in 1972 and Larry Hoover took over (Know Gangs, n.d.). The Black Gangster Disciples use the six pointed star, Star of David, as their symbol. This symbol represents loyalty, understanding, knowledge, wisdom as well as love. Other symbols include an upside down pitchfork and a heart with wings. Members generally tattoo themselves with a top hat with a staff out of the top which is a pitchfork with the numbers three, six and zero along with an upside down cross at the bottom. Clothing may consist of the sports team Oakland Raiders and carry a black, grey or white bandana (Know Gangs, n.d.). The Gangster Disciples can be found in cities across the United States, however, Chicago is the location of the leaders and there is a strong presence in the Midwest. In the mid 1990s a federal task force was formed to investigate the involvement of the Gangster Disciples in multiple murders and drug trafficking. The result of the investigation found that the gang was making over one hundred million dollars a year in illegal drug sales. Multiple members were convicted and are now serving life sentences (Know Gangs, n.d.). Latin Kings first came about in Chicago in the 1940s. The Latin Kings gang was created by a few Puerto Rican immigrants as a way to defend and protect themselves from racism and prejudice. Their slogan was that they would rise above racism and prejudice and form an organization of Kings. After a period of time, the gang became involved in criminal activity and even though the first members were Puerto Rican, most members now are Mexican-American. Identifiers include the five point crown, which means represent love, respect, sacrifice, honor and obedience. Colors of the Latin Kings include yellow or gold. The head of the entire criminal organization is known as the Inca. Latin Kings have chapters also known as sets in states across the country, each reporting to a leader (Know Gangs, n.d.). The gang known as Texas Syndicate originated in the early 1970s at Folsom Prison in California. It was started as a direct result of the formation of other gangs in California prisons. Other gangs, specifically Mexican Mafia and Aryan Brotherhood, were targeting inmates that were Texas natives. The only symbols noted to identify members are tattoos with TS somewhere in the design. Some of these tattoos require intense observation in order to locate the TS. The tattoos are generally located on the back of the right forearm, however, have been located on the outside calf area, neck and chest (Inside Prison, 2006). The main criminal activities Texas Syndicate is involved in are drug trafficking, extortion, and internal violent discipline of members. Members in prison have communication methods with outside members through smuggled cell phones and coded messages. The Crips were started in 1969 in Los Angelos as a street gang by Raymond Washington and Stanley Tookie Williams. This gang has received the reputation on being extremely violent and aggressive. Stanley Tookie Williams faced the death penalty in San Quentin State Prison on December 13, 2005. He received the death penalty after being convicted of murdering four individuals during a robbery by shooting them to death with a shotgun in Southern California in 1970. Also, in 1979 Raymond Washington was murdered. The name Crip has different theories as to where the name actually came from. One theory is that a woman from the housing projects filed a police report on two teenagers for stealing. One of the teenagers was Raymond Williams. The description of one of the teenagers was crip with a stick meaning a disabled person with a cane. Another theory is that the name came from Crib, from the Baby Avenue gang in the 1960s. The Baby Avenue gang eventually became known as the Avenue Cribs as they were located in the Central Avenue, Los Angeles area (Inside Prison, 2006). Identifiers of the Crips gang are the colors blue, gray, orange, and purple. Handkerchiefs or clothing generally reflect those colors. Other identifiers are the six pointed Star of David, the letter B crossed out as the gang Bloods is their rival. Specific clothing choices can include tennis shoes, jogging suits or sports teams reflecting Los Angeles teams (Know Gangs, n.d.). British Knight tennis shoes are popular due to the B and K which represents Blood Killer. Communication between members is facilitated through hand signs, codes, and graffiti. Although there is no Constitution for the gang there is a book of knowledge that outlines all rules and regulations for the gang. The Crips gang is involved in criminal activity such as drug sales as well as trafficking, violent robberies and burglaries. Members of the Crips have been located in every city of the United States and even in a few foreign countries. Their rivalry with the Bloods often results in bloodshed and/or murder. The street gang known as Bloods was started in the 1960s. Neighborhood protection and as a force to combat the Crips were reasons the gang was created. Crips were becoming too powerful as they were allying with other street gangs. African American men called each other Bloods in the Vietnam War and that is where the name came from. Identifiers of the gang include a five point star and the color red. Clothing choices tend to be sports teams such as the Chicago Bulls, Philadelphia Phillies, and San Francisco 49ers (Know Gangs, n.d.). The Bloods are similar to the Crips in that there is no Constitution; however, there is a book of knowledge that outlines rules and regulations of the gang. The organizational structure for the Bloods is as follows: the first superior, this person is in charge of day to day operations of the set and in charge of discipline. The next in charge is the second superior who assists the first superior. The minister of information and defense are next and they are responsible for giving information and strategies to the Superiors. Head of security handles obtaining weapons for the set. The commanding officer is in charge of handing down orders per the superiors. Below those officers there is a captain, who gives information to the lieutenant. The lieutenant ensures orders are carried out and soldiers carry out orders. In the early 1980s MS-13, also known as Mara Salvatrucha, was created. After leaving the death squads of El Salvador, a number of Salvadorian immigrants settled in California and created MS-13. MS-13 was created as protection against rival Mexican gangs and is one of the most violent gangs in the United States. This gang is a highly organized, paramilitary one with some members formally belonging to the Salvadorian guerrilla forces. Members are generally heavily tattooed, can be identified by blue and black bandanas as well as specific tattoos of MS-13. Phrases that are specific to Ms-13 are La Mara which means gangs, Salva which means Salvadorian, trucha which means look out, and Eme Ese which means MS (Gang Awareness, n.d.). The motorcycle gang, Hells Angels, began in Fontana, California in 1948. Hells Angels was a term coined for bomber squadrons in World War I and II. Hells Angels have been linked to criminal activity such as drug trafficking, especially meth, assaults, weapon possession, and even murder. The most notorious plot that surrounds this gang are the allegations that they plotted to kill rock star Mick Jagger. Mick Jagger supposedly criticized the Hells Angels after one of its members killed a man at an event in which the gang was in charge of security. The victim pulled a gun and a Hells Angels member stabbed him. All charges were dropped and it was declared self defense (James, 2009). Despite the extensive history of the Hells Angels, still much is left unknown as what happens at a club meeting, stays there. Hells Angels can be identified by their leather or denim jackets with the red and white winged deaths head ensignia, the letter HAMC (Hells Angels Motorcycle Club), and the number eighty one (eighth letter in the alphabet is H and the first letter is A). Each members status can be located on the jacket by a patch, each specific meaning is only known to members. Hells Angels also wear a patch that has 1% on it which means they are part of the one percent that are willing to do anything, legal or illegal to accomplish their goals. Members have road names which are the only way they are known to other members (James, 2009). The Hells Angels are rivals with the motorcycle gang The Mongols. The Mongols are also a motorcycle gang that wears the 1% patch and is considered very dangerous. The gang consists of mostly Latin and Hispanic members as the gang was created due to the Hells Angels not allowing Hispanic members (Mongols Motorcycle Gang, 2008). Other names the gang goes by is the Mongol Brotherhood or Mongol Nation. The headquarters is located in California, however, there are chapters all over the United States, Canada, overseas and Mexico. The Mongols have been linked and charged in violent organized criminal activity. In 2008 a three year investigation over several states ended with at least thirty eight Mongol motorcycle gang members being arrested. The charges included murder, attempted murder, assault, as well as gun and weapons charges(Mongols Motorcycle Gang, 2008). According to the 2008 National Drug Intelligence Center there are over twenty thousand gangs that have approximately one million members that are criminally active in all fifty states of the United States and the District of Columbia. Aside from the nationally recognized gangs, there are also neighborhood cliques, crews, or posses. These groups usually consist of only twenty to twenty five members and are loosely structured. There is less graffiti, hand signs, and colors identified with them. The philosophy is similar to the national gangs: Live by the neighborhood, die by the neighborhood (Barbour, p.18). Gangs are not just in the streets, they are also in the schools. Public and private schools are both faced with the reality that gangs are in the schools. In 1994, a report stated that administrators of schools with an enrollment figure of more than twenty five thousand and principals of urban schools reported an increase in gang involved incidents. Even one in four elementary principals referenced an increase in gang related incidents (Kopka, 1997). In a study of six thousand sixth graders in eleven cities, eleven percent advised they were currently gang members and seventeen percent advised they belonged to a gang at one point(Barbour, 2006). Gangs are becoming a problem in areas that have not been recognized before. Recognizing the signs that a juvenile or family member is in a gang can start with asking. If there are still concerns about gang membership, look for these signs: change in behavior(becomes defiant), grades drop, truancy at school, new associates, calls from unknown individuals, money and jewelry appearing, preoccupation with particular colors or sports teams, hand signs, graffiti on books or walls, developing nicknames, and evidence of drug abuse. One of these signs alone may not be indicative of gang membership, however, more than one could be indicative of gang membership (Gang Awareness, n.d.). After parents determine their child is in a gang it is natural for them to feel anger and even jealousy towards the gang. Feelings that the child has been taken from them by the gang are evoked. Parents handle this information differently. Family first parents put the situation and the child first in an attempt to restore the core family unit. Rescuers minimize their own accountability and fear. Rescuers try to save the child. The rescuers can be successful in that there is family support, which assists the parents in dealing with the issue as well. Crusaders take on the task of saving their child and other children as well. These parents often suppress the core issues of their own child. The negators acknowledge that they have contributed to their child joining a gang. These parents tend to respond more negatively and deny personal responsibility of the childs poor social, emotional, and spiritual well being. The most extreme are the detached parents. These parents simply do not care and refuse to engage in any attempt to remove their child from the gang (Barbour, 2006). In certain instances, removing a child from a gang can be difficult and at times require moving away (Barbour, 2006). Parents can teach their children a critical lesson that can assist in the prevention of gang involvement. This critical lesson is for a child to face reality. This will teach juveniles to take responsibility for their actions as well as the choices they make (Barbour, 2006). And there must always be consequences to bad behavior. Parents should realize there is a difference between the behavior of their child and the identity of their child. Behavior is what a juvenile does and identity is who the juvenile is. When teaching choices, it must be taught that life is filled with actions and reactions. Juveniles need to know the choices made are in their complete control. Being aware of reality and facing it allows children to have control over their choices and assert themselves in a positive manner (Barbour, 2006). Most gangs are built on the premise Blood In, Blood Out. In order to get out of a gang, a member must shed blood, or do they? Solutions to get out of a gang may not mean Blood Out. Other suggestions include talking to high ranking members and expressing the interest to get out, ask for help from a relative, guardian or friend, go to the police, or even become an activist (Sonder, 1996). The solution to gangs is that communities as a whole must stand together. Far too often communities have viewed gangs as an inner city problem, something that would not affect them. Neighborhoods affected and plagued by gangs have been left to defend themselves without assistance. Now, no neighborhood or community is safe. Indiscriminate police sweeps in neighborhoods have had a negative effect on the way the community views law enforcement. Possible informants refuse to talk and gangs prey on young members that have nowhere else to go. Treating the gang issue as a law enforcement problem is not going to solve anything. Along with tough policing, the community must take action and not accept gangs in their neighborhoods. Society has failed to deal appropriately with the social root causes, like fatherless homes, which lead to young men seeking male role models. Popular culture also sends a message that lawlessness is cool as is violence whereas education and hope are not. To combat gangs every member in society plays a part; police, social workers, the church, friends and family members. Each and every person-in the attitudes that are kept, the choices that are made, and even items purchased-helps to shape the culture that must be joined together with the commitment to make communities and neighborhoods safer (Barbour, 2006). References Barbour, S. (2006). Gangs. Detroit, MI: Thomason Gale. Blackwood, G. (2002). Gangsters. New York, NY: Benchmark Books. Gang awareness guide. (n.d.). Retrieved November 1, 2010 from http://www.state.nj.us/oag/gang-signs-bro.pdf Inside prison. (2006). Gang profiles. Retrieved November 2, 2010 from http://www.insideprison.com/ James, R. (2009, August 03) Hells Angels. TIME magazine. Retrieved November 4, 2010 from http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1914201,00.html Know gangs: Gang resources. (n.d.). Retrieved November 2, 2010 from http://www.knowgangs.com/gang_resources

Relationship between Chopins Life and The Awakening Essay -- Chopin

Relationship between Chopin's Life and The Awakening Katherine O'Flahtery Chopin was born in St. Louis, Missouri February 8,1851. She was the daughter of Thomas and Eliza O'Flaherty, a prominent Irish-born merchant and his wife. Together, Chopin's parents represented freedom and the American dream. Their ambition and spirit helped mold Chopin into a unique character with independence and intelligence. Her father died suddenly when Chopin was four years old. His death was the result of a terrible accident that took the lives of several civic leaders when the key link to the Pacific Railroad was being completed and a bridge collapsed. After Thomas O'Flahtery's death, Katherine's childhood was most profoundly influenced by her mother and grandmother, women of French Creole pioneers. As a child, Chopin spent much of her time with her family's Creole and mulatto slaves, whose dialects she mastered. She studied piano, wrote poetry, and read books by such famous authors as Dickens, Austen, and Goethe. Although Katherine displayed a very indep endent and responsible personality, she was once nicknamed the littlest rebel for yanking down a Union flag. However, despite her free spirit, Chopin grew to be a leading social belle, admired for her wit and beauty. As a debutante, Chopin was an undistinguished student at the convent school named the St. Louis Academy of the Sacred Heart. She graduated at age seventeen and spent two years as a young woman of fashionable St. Louis society. It was then that the young Katherine O'Flaherty met Oscar Chopin, a wealthy Creole cotton factor. In the year 1870, Kate married Oscar and, for the next decade, Kate Chopin pursued the demanding social and domestic schedule of a wealthy wife and mother. ... ...r that surrounded the publication of The Awakening, and its harsh reception is what ultimately stopped her from writing. She felt that because of the vast amount of controversy and criticism she received because of The Awakening, there was no future for her as an author. Chopin devoted the last few years of her life to her family. Katherine O'Flaherty Chopin died of a cerebral hemorrhage on August 22, 1904 at the age of 53. Many felt that Kate Chopin had been denied the recognition she desperately wanted and richly deserved. As well as The Awakening, other of Chopin's writings are receiving the critical acclaim that they had been neglected. The short stories collected in Bayou Folk and A Night in Acadie established Chopin as an important writer of local-color fiction. Works Cited: Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. 1899. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 1993.

AbOrT :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Abortion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Abortion has been and always will be a major, controversial topic in the United States. The controversy is whether to allow a woman to have an abortion or outlaw abortions. The Unites States Supreme Court was supposedly going to make a final decision on the abortion controversy. Instead, the Supreme Court put the burden of deciding on the government of each state. This seems unfair because a woman should have that choice. A woman should have the choice to have her baby aborted in cases involving rape, because of the expensive cost of raising a baby, and in a situation where the woman is just a teenager.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One reason why women should be given the choice to abort a baby involves cases of rape. Statistics say that rape happens to women many times each day in the United States. When a woman is raped and possibly becomes pregnant, she is not at fault. She may even become traumatized. It should not be her responsibility to take care of the baby for the rest of her life and possibly on her own. To have an abortion would be the only choice.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another reason why women should have the choice of having an abortion would be the cost of raising a baby. A woman needs to take into consideration the high cast of raising a child. It is necessary to feed the baby well so that he or she will grow healthy and strong. A baby also needs to be well clothed. Furthermore, there is the fact that a child may need medical attention, which can be extremely expensive. To have an abortion would be the only choice.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The final reason why women should have the choice to abort a child is when she is just a teenager. This could devastate the rest of her and her boyfriend’s life. Teenage women may not be emotionally ready for raising a baby. Getting a good education may be forgotten. If she has an abortion, she can concentrate of her education. Also, the girl and boy will learn a lesson never to â€Å"fool around.† This would encourage them to do exceptionally well in school. Again, to have an abortion would be the only choice for a teenager.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If abortion was outlawed, a raped woman would more that likely feel helpless and insecure.

Nee Bondha

1. ) Hope these KindNotes add sunshine to your day, and show you that you're thought of in a warm and special way! -Unknown 2. ) Let this be a short rest before you embark on your journey to greater challenges. -Unknown 3. ) Hope you'll soon be feeling fine the way you were before because things just won't be the same until you're well once more. -Unknown 4. ) With the warmest of wishes, this just comes to say hope that you're feeling much better today. -Unknown 5. ) As you rest and heal, know that you are thought of warmly and wished a quick recovery. -Unknown 6. May you find comfort in knowing many of us are caring about you and we hope good health will be restored to you soon. -Unknown 7. ) Please know that our thoughts and prayers are with you during your recovery. -Unknown 8. ) We hope you get well soon because you are too special to be sick. -Unknown 9. ) Wishing that each day brings you renewed strength, brighter times, and a healthier, happier you. Get well soon. -Unknown 10. ) You are in our thoughts, and we're all hoping that you will be enjoying better health again soon. -Unknown 11. ) You have places to go, people to see, lots of fun times to be enjoyed.Get well soon. -Unknown 12. ) Whatever you find hardest to do, do with all your heart. -Unknown 13. ) Rise above the storm and you will find the sunshine. 14. ) Do what you can, with what you have, where you are. -Theodore Roosevelt 15. ) Don't frown because you never know who's falling in love with your smile. -Unknown 16. ) Do not follow where the path may lead. Go instead where there is no path and leave a trail. -Ralph Waldo Emerson 17. ) What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us. -Ralph Waldo Emerson 18. Enjoy the little things in life, for one day you may look back and realize they were the big things. 19. ) Things which matter most must never be at the mercy of things which matter least. -Goethe 20. ) Hang in there. A lot of good things are co ming your way. 21. ) Life isn't tied with a bow, but it's still a gift. -Unknown 22. ) Kind words can be short and easy to speak, but their echoes are truly endless. -Mother Teresa 23. ) Kindness is a language which the deaf can hear and the blind can read. -Mark Twain 24. ) The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched. They must be felt with the heart. Hellen Keller 25. ) It does not matter how many times you get knocked down, but how many times you get up. -Vince Lombardi 26. ) Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind don't matter and those who matter don't mind. -Dr. Seuss 27. ) Wherever you go, no matter what the weather, always bring your own sunshine. -Anthony J. D'Angelo 28. ) Shoot for the moon. Even if you miss, you will land among the stars. -Les Brown 29. ) Don't let anything slow you down; with will, anything is possible. 30. ) Don't frown because your smile is what lightens up the world. 31. ) Time is the best doctor . -Unknown

Rich Dad Poor Dad

Contact Details A) Regional offices of Higher Education :Sr. No. 1 Name of the Joint Director Address Joint Director of Higher Education 3, Mahapalika Marg, Dhobi Talav, Vistar No. 3, Mumbai-1 Joint Director of Higher Education, 17, Dr, Ambedkar Marg, Pune-01. Joint Director of Higher Education, Vidynagari, Sagarmaal, Rajaram College Area, Kolhapur-4. Joint Director of Higher Education, Old Morris College Area, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Nagpur-1. Joint Director of Higher Education, Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran office st building, 1 floor, Behind Grahak Court , Jalgaon -1.Joint Director of Higher Education, Vidhrab institute Area, Amarvati-64. Joint Director of Higher Education, Padampura, Station Road, Near Devgiri College, Aurangabad-1. Phone No. 022-22656600 022-22691528 Fax No. 22656600 E-mail [email  protected] com [email  protected] co. in [email  protected] org. in [email  protected] in [email  protected] co. in [email  protected] com [email  protected] com [em ail  protected] in [email  protected] com Dr. Smt. Manjusha Molawane 2 Dr. N. M. Kadu 20-26127833 020-26051632 0231-2535400 0231-2535454 0712-2524231 26237833 2535400 3 Dr. B. B. Kadam 2561713 4 Dr. Ajit Deshmukh 0257-2238510 2238510 [email  protected] co. in 5 Dr. A. P. Manekar 0721-2531235 25311235 6 Dr. B. B. Chaudhary [email  protected] com [email  protected] com [email  protected] com 0240-2331913 2331913 7 Prof. Mohd. Faiyyaz 8 Dr. Smt. Urmila Dhoot Joint Director of Higher Education, Near 02462-253144 Govt. Polytechnic, Yashwant College, Nanded-5. Joint Director of Higher Education Govt. B. Ed.College Area, Mumbai Pune Marg, Panvel -6 Joint Director of Higher Education, Solapur- Pune Road, Solapur University Area, Kegaon, Solapur-55. 253244 jdhe. [email  protected] co. in jdhe. [email  protected] com 022-27453820 — 9 Dr. Smt. R. E. Shikalgar (Bhosale) govt-bed. [email  protected] rediffmail. com 10 Dr. B. B. Kadam 0217-2744770 Ex. 170 0217-2350055 274 4770 [email  protected] com Contact Details of Directorate of Higher Education, Central Building, Pune-01 Office Address :- Directorate of Higher Education, Central Building,Pune-01 Office Phone No. :- (020) 26126939 Office E mail ID Office Fax No. Sr. No. 1 :- [email  protected] co. in :- (020)26111153 Mobile No. E-mail Name of Officer in Scholarship Wing Shri. Hemant R. Deore 09421613520 [email  protected] co. in 2 Prof. Deepak D. Lull 09552626411 [email  protected] in 3 Mr. Anand R. Deshmukh 09822053474 [email  protected] co. in 4 Miss Arshiya Sayyed 09673197515 [email  protected] com 5 Miss Priya Andil 09689648868 [email  protected] co. in

Mount Everest and Peak Climb Mt

The book I chose for my independent reading project was Peak by Roland Smith. My favorite character in this book is Peak Marcello. Peak is my favorite character because he is smart, caring, and brave. I can’t believe that he climbed a skyscraper! I wish that I had the climbing skills that he has. It seems like Peak has been climbing his whole life, probably because his father, Josh Wood, is a professional climber and he taught him how to climb. Since Peak’s mother, Teri Marcello, fell of a 30 ft. wall when she was free-climbing and broke her back and shattered her hip, I agree with her that climbing is very dangerous.I think the relationship between Peak and his father is interesting because Peak’s father hasn’t been around much in his life, but when Peak got in trouble he was there. I also think that the relationship is interesting because Peak doesn’t call his father â€Å"dad,† he calls him by his first name. Because Peak got in a lot of t rouble and had to leave the U. S. and live with his father in Thailand, I felt sad when Peak’s two younger twin sisters started to cry because they knew that they wouldn't be seeing their role model for a long time.I think that Josh only let Peak live with him because he was 14, and if he reached the summit of Mt. Everest before his next birthday, he would be the youngest person to ever climb it. I want to know more about Zopa, the man who is helping Peak climb Mt. Everest. I know that he was a Sherpa, which are mountain people who live on the slopes of the Himalayas. He is also a Buddhist monk but has gotten permission to put aside his vows for a couple of weeks to help Peak.I like the way that the author wrote the book because it is very easy to understand what is going on. If I were Peak right now I would be so confused because so much is happening in such a small amount of time, and I’d be scared because I am afraid of heights and I don’t know if I would wan t to climb Mt. Everest. I can’t believe that Peak is so calm during this time and isn’t freaking out like I would be. I predict in the future that Peak will have a closer relationship with his dad and will be the youngest person to climb Mt. Everest.

Toni Morrison

Hannah Campos Professor Gibbons English 2 February 25, 2013 The Future of Language is in Our Hands Toni Morrison’s is a leading figure in American literature who won the Nobel Prize in 1993. She is good at giving different points of views or metaphors in order to show her purpose of writing and produce the tension of beauty. Black history plays a huge role in Morrison’s writing. In her lecture she tells a story happening between a blind woman and a few young men. The young men question her wisdom by asking if the bird in their hand was alive or dead.Her response to that was, â€Å"it is in your hands† meaning that the fate of the bird is in your hands. They could either let the bird live or die. The bird in this story indicates language. Morrison tries to imply that language is diminishing slowly as generation goes on and on. She believes that it is in our hands to revive it for what it truly is. The story involves the racial issues. Morrison shows her strong lov e for Hero language, but at the same time she showed her worry for its situation in the hands of todays society. Morrison feels like language can or will be killed by indifference and be employed to promote violence.In the continuing essay I will talk about Toni Morrison’s style and reason of writing what she writes and also what she means about â€Å"it is in your hands†, language that is. Morrison’s Nobel Lecture best interprets her artistic writing style. The fully poetic language and creative writing is what makes Morrison so outstandingly bold and Campos 2 different. Morrison is good at realizing what the purpose is and prevailing it onto others in a way that is easily persuasive and believable. She has many narrative techniques that she takes in to action.In this lecture she gave, she brings forth all these techniques I just said in the above text. Toni Morrison makes a good point when, in her acceptance speech upon receiving the Nobel Prize in Literature, she says, â€Å"Narrative . . . is . . . one of the principal ways in which we absorb knowledge† (7). The words we use and the way in which we use them is how we, as humans, communicate to each other our thoughts, feelings, and actions and therefore our knowledge of the world and its peoples. Knowledge is power. In this way, our language, too, is powerful. We as the people just need to learn how to use it properly.In her acceptance speech, Morrison tries to communicate the idea that we must be careful with how we use our words. Once again, She analogizes the use of language to the life of a metaphoric bird in a tale of a wise, old, blind woman. Toni Morrison opens her speech by referring to a tale of two young people who, in trying to disprove the credibility of this wise woman, ask the question, â€Å" is the bird I am holding in my hand living or dead? ’†. Of course, being blind, the woman does not know and must say so. However, she adds that, â€Å" What I do know is that it is in your hands. It is in your hands†.In saying this, she tells the youngsters that the fate of the bird’s life is their responsibility. The bird, in this case, represents language. Morrison tries to portray the blind woman as an experienced writer of some sort. Some believe that it is herself. She goes on to say that the bird has either been found dead, been killed, or has the ability (if it Campos 3 is alive) to be killed, much as language, being looked at as a living thing, can live or die; be saved or destroyed. As Morrison would say language is â€Å"susceptible to death, erasure; certainly imperiled and salvageable only by an effort of the will†.That will is the responsibility of those who use it. We have the option to make language something beautiful, useful, and a source of that power of knowledge, or as degrading, offensive, and oppressive. Throughout her speech, Toni Morrison works towards defining and supporting this thesis of resp onsibility. It is our responsibility, as users of words, to make language thrive. We are not aware of the words that come out of our mouths due to lack of thought or attention, we all suffer and we are all at fault. The standards of society are changing and with them the standards and values to which we hold the meaning of our words.Some may say that the values and morals are declining and with that comes a decline in the way in which we as a society express ourselves. Should we be so â€Å"careless† or â€Å"indifferent† with our language, its â€Å"demise† will surely come. Words may, in fact, loose their affect and meaning. Perhaps this gives new meaning to the statement â€Å"language may be the measure of our lives†. Language has many uses, and with it responsibilities, namely â€Å"grappling with meaning, providing guidance, and expressing love†. Where would we be if we, as a culture, abandoned this all? Would we have no meaning, no guidance, no love?All people who use language are capable of this, if not already to blame for this: children, parents, those who hold positions of power. All in all, Morrison tries to use a metaphoric analogy in order to portray her views on the role that language plays today and in the future. She strives to keep in abundant Campos 4 and living in all of our vocabulary. Morrison is very dedicated to her writing. She uses her ethnicity to help her tell her stories using racial issues. In the end, I believe that we all have language in our hands, how we use it is all up to us. It is our responsibility, however, to help future generations use it right.

Linkage of current Job Performance to Organization's strategy and Essay

Linkage of current Job Performance to Organization's strategy and cuture - Essay Example The value of teamwork emanates from the belief that "best solutions come from working together with colleagues and clients" and this requires relationship, respect and sharing (PricewaterhouseCoopers). As a professional service company, PWC ensures excellence in all its transactions. Given also the nature of the business, PWC promises to take the lead with courage, vision and integrity (PricewaterhouseCoopers). Composed of professionals, PricewaterhouseCoopers personifies and edifies professionalism through adherence to the company policies and technical and professional standards, deliver their commitments, maintaining confidentiality and portraying honesty to their clients. The company also maintains ethical and legal practices in responding to competition. I work as a senior tax consultant so my primary responsibilities are orienting and assisting the clients regarding taxes both national and international through building an excellent relationship with them. I serve clients who want advice in their taxation concerns. The two main scope of my job are consultancy and compliance. Since PricewaterhouseCoopers is a professional service business and since the documents and properties that they handle on customers' behalf are of substantial importance, a good job performance has customer focus. "All Organizations depend on their customers and therefore should understand current and future customer needs, should meet customer requirements and strive to exceed customer expectations" (1 Access). The corporate culture of the company includes professionalism and this means on time, appropriate and excellent service to customers. With my job as a tax consultant, adherence to the company culture necessitates that I make sure that 100% of my clients have sound and organized tax payment, without delay thus without additional costs. A good performance shall also mean zero complain from the customer. Since I am dealing with highly confidential documents, the company expects that "respect the confidentiality and privacy of our clients, our people and others with whom we do business" (PricewaterhouseCoopers). A goof performance specifically necessitates one to "comply with applicable laws, regulations and professional standards in order to maintain the appropriate degree of confidentiality and privacy" (PricewaterhouseCoopers). One of the values of the company is excellence. For the over-all organization, one of the quality management principles is "continual improvement". This includes performance improvement and flexibility to reach quickly to opportunities (1 Access). For an individual, performance rating should include steps taken by the individual to continuously improve, whether through development of an innovative processes and strategies or attendance of formal and informal trainings and schooling to continuously improve in the field. Similar to the performance appraisal in the academe, continuous schooling and training is also important in private professional service firm. To measure excellence it will also be helpful to record the frequency of mistakes and the time duration of work processes. These figures must constantly

The House Washing Machine for Disabled and Normal People Essay

The House Washing Machine for Disabled and Normal People - Essay Example Introduction The process of learning how to carry out some basic health care activities starts from childhood to the adolescent period. Such basic activities includes tasks like washing dishes and clothes, simple meal preparations such as making sandwiches and community activities such as catching a bus. During the late stages of adolescence and the early stages of adulthood, there is always some expectation that an individual should become more independent when handling the daily living activities either at the home level of at the community level. People who are mature and have never had the basic skills of homecare and household activities are able to do so with some appropriate support, thus making them achieve their own independence. Age and disability should not be an excuse to make one unable to handle basic household activities but with the availability of possible alternatives, everything becomes easier. Market Analysis It has now become a common objective for the adults that are living at home to develop the ability of handling things on their own whether disabled or in normal state. In as much as one might be receiving enough support from a family member or a caretaker, having a machine that will help this group of people will make every task much easier. Many people having a problem with washing of both clothes and house cleaning duties may be able to handle this if given an opportunity to make things easier. Developing the ability to handle household chores has the capacity of leading one to achieve independence and that an individual will not be a burden to other members in the house. It is of great importance to provide your child with the practice the daily leaving skills, even if such tasks take longer time and require even more effort. Before coming up with the right product for this population, there is need to look and study the market. An analysis on market shows that at the elderly and children with disabilities are the ones that require more help in handling household duties. In the status now, there is an approximate of around 19 million working-age people with disabilities. This market analysis intends to breach the gap on the housing status of working-age people with disabilities. The reason for focusing on this population is that it represents the large and overgrowing segment that relies heavily on the state and the federal government’s programs. For instance, the government spends nearly $360 billion or an average of $19000 per person on programs relating to elderly people and children with disabilities (Livermore et al., 2010). This gives the government a burden at settling these bills and with special machinery in the market to assist this population; it makes it an open opportunity for the government to relieve itself o extra costs and instead invest the cash on the machinery that will make the lives of this population easier. This will be an open business opportunity for the company that will be manufacturing these machines and at the same time offering a solution to the people with disabilities. The data presented by many other research firms indicates the relationship between housing characteristics and the people with disabilities. Periodic reports provides an estimate that there is worst-case housing needs, and the most recent report indicates that approximately 1 million nonelderly households that have disabled members have the worst-case needs, making a total of approximately 36-percent rate of the total population that deserves to better care facilities. This same research have provided data on the economic backgrounds of the population majorly affected with disability problems and has been able to determine that majority of this population are from poor backgrounds. This implies that there is need to make affordable equipments for the generation so that many can have the opportunity to access them. Any company that is aiming to produce the housing washing

MODERN FRENCH THINKERS-POLITICAL SCIENCE PHILOSOPHY Essay

MODERN FRENCH THINKERS-POLITICAL SCIENCE PHILOSOPHY - Essay Example His political science thus harnesses the new natural science of the Enlightenment to address despotism, which he deems mankinds fundamental problem in older and newer times and in every land. One of his novel means for overcoming this enduring obstacle to human civilization and liberty, thus providing for mankinds needs and wants in a humane way, is a powerful but disguised judiciary which can change both the manner and structure of political life for any people or government. The best, most humane kind of government will be one most imbued, though still imperceptibly, by a judges concern with due process and protecting individual security. Throughout this examination of Montesquieu’s judging power recourse will be had to one of the â€Å"principles† of his work - principles which, he claims, explain â€Å"the histories of all nations† (Preface, 229, xliii). This is moderation, by which he means a balance, or equilibrium, which avoids extremes, and it is the fundamental principle of Montesquieus new political science. One of its particular forms is a doctrine of constitutionalism for which he is justly famous, since in its application to human beings and politics Montesquieus moderation takes the form of separation of powers. This principle of balance or equilibrium deeply informs his noted study of the constitution of England: â€Å"it is an everlasting experience that any man who has power is led to abuse it; he continues until he finds limits †¦ So that one cannot abuse power, it is necessary that, by the disposition of things, power check power" (XI.4, 395, 155). Montesquieus more general and fundamental formulation of the principle of moderation, however, is the understanding of esprit (spirit) which informs the works title, namely a Newtonian equilibrium achieved in the relations between bodies in motion (inanimate and animate). This is clearly evident in Montesquieus notion of the â€Å"principle of each [type of] government:" the right "relation between the