The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) - Assignment Example At last, it is finished by demonstrating the inclusion and movement of offices that are liable for law implementation through tallying the quantity of captures and utilizing the quality information of police representative (Siegel, 2009). In Uniform Crime information revealing, reports for wrongdoings are acquired from offices liable for law implementation by means of the country dependent on detailing techniques and uniform groupings. So as to give the most complete standpoint of wrongdoing in the U.S information is gotten uniquely on offenses that are normally known by cops. A significant perspective on wrongdoing can be seen by looking at the seven significant Crime Index offenses. These are picked for their earnestness, probability of a report being made and the recurrence of event: coercive assault, murder, theft, robbery, irritated ambush, engine vehicle burglary and burglary robbery. The FBA can get the quantity of wrongdoing offenses from reports of law requirement organizations. The law authorization offices have records of casualty objections, witness reports and wrongdoing reports found during tasks of the organization. The reports can be gotten from the contributing law requirement organizations on a month to month premise. To guarantee that there is consistency and that nature of the information is kept up for any got information, Uniform Crime Reporting ought to guarantee arrangement of preparing on completely nitty gritty methods utilized for ordering and scoring offenses (Leonard, 2001). Since it was begun, the uniform Crime Reporting plan has had the option to give a dependable, consistent progression of data concerning wrongdoing in the nation. In any case, since Uniform Crime Reporting is an outline revealing framework, individuals may not give information concerning singular wrongdoing occurrences. The rundown based strategy, despite the fact that it is solid, has confinements in different perspectives which can ruin accommodation of data from the inspected populace. These incorporate absence of adequate data with respect to different

Terrorism in Spain free essay sample

In spite of the fact that this unceasing battle between Spanish government and ETA appears to be unending, I will offer two different ways that would assist with taking care of this political global issue, yet first let’s discover somewhat more about ETA’s starting point. Estimated time of arrival was subsidized dependent on the PVN (Basque Nationalist Party) communist belief system, yet with various approaches to act. The two associations have a similar target: to free Euskal Herria, that is situated in the western Pyrenees that expands the outskirt among Spain and Franceâ on the Atlantic coast (Bowen 163); nonetheless, ETA and PVN vary in the approaches to arrive at their objective.While ETA utilizes the viciousness as the fundamental â€Å"weapon†, PVN anticipates gain independence from Spain through government nearness. Since 1968, when their first psychological oppressor assault occurred, ETA has murdered in excess of 800 individuals (â€Å"Hint†). Additionally, their most significant fear monger assault happened in December 1973, when Luis Carrero Blanco, preliminary pastor replacement of Franco, was killed in Madrid by four individuals from ETA (Barros 97). We will compose a custom article test on Psychological warfare in Spain or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Since we are educated about this fear based oppressor association, I’ll build up my first arrangement. Over the most recent 19 years ETA has lost force and it doesn’t have the help from the Euska Herria’s individuals. As a result, ETA reported a truce in 2006, which finished nine months after the fact after a psychological oppressor assault at Madrid Airport. Accordingly, a few chiefs were captured, the association lost help, and began to break from within (Cutts). In this way, my first arrangement that I’ll offer is going to sign harmony bargains with the various substances from Euska Herria that no longer help ETA; thusly, ETA would feel debilitated and would at long last truce. Truth be told, after PVN chose to isolate from ETA because of some ideological contrasts, Spain’s preliminary priest Jose Luis RodriguezZapatero has begun to speak with PVN pioneer Inigo Urkullu, to make an association against Basque’s fear based oppression, bringing up that â€Å"creates a reason for peace† (qtd. in â€Å"Verge†). This association is the initial step to weaken ETA. Additionally, the PP (Spain Popular Party) which governmental issues are absolutely against Zapatero, see s that beginning a harmony procedure will debilitate ETA, and it would most likely stop 40 years of savage clash. Along these lines, ETA should drop every single political condition and incapacitate, so there is no uncertainty of its breaking down as a psychological oppressor organization.However, ETA has never surrendered regardless of whether their individuals feel that they doesn’t have the help to proceed; consequently, I’ll offer another arrangement that has more viability since it depends on comparative past occasions. In the past passage, the arrangement referenced includes a few amount of steps to at last arrive at the outcomes wanted. In any case, letting a Basque Country national gathering appreciate in the following decisions to have nearness in the national parliament, is an answer that has more effect on ETA.Based on realities that in 2000 a Basque ideological group, named Aralar, advanced toward the Spanish parliament, and it incite a burst in ETA’s association (â€Å"Spain politics†), I’m going to build up my subsequent arrangement. In the last F ebruary, another ideological group having a place with the Basque Nationalist was established. This gathering unmistakably dismisses ETA’s brutality, which just goal is to pick up nearness in the Spanish parliament, and through thusly speak to the Basque Country. It is a reasonable point since we realize that majority rule government is the main radical approach to acquire what the Basque Country needs.

I am going to describe the teachings and beliefs of Hinduism about death and what might happen afterwards Essay Example

I will portray the lessons and convictions of Hinduism about death and what may happen a short time later Essay Hindus accept that when you pass on, your spirit lives on and you are reawakened as something different. They accept that Atman (your spirit) lives on perpetually in any event, when you kick the bucket, and is moved to something different. This is sponsored up by a statement which can be found in the Bhagavad Gita. This spirit living in the assemblages of all can never be killed; hence it doesn't benefit you to lament for anyone Bhagavad Gita 2:30 The statement is alluding to Atman saying that it can never be executed and wont leave. Hindus think something many refer to as re-manifestation happens. Re-manifestation is the resurrection of a spirit into another body. For instance when somebody kicks the bucket there soul would leave there body and enter somebody elses. We will compose a custom exposition test on I will portray the lessons and convictions of Hinduism about death and what may happen subsequently explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on I will portray the lessons and convictions of Hinduism about death and what may happen a while later explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on I will depict the lessons and convictions of Hinduism about death and what may happen a while later explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The demise of him who is conceived is sure; and the resurrection of him who is dead is inescapable. Bhagavad Gita 2:27 This statement is stating that the individual will pass on and will be renewed; this demonstrates what Hindus accept about re-manifestation. Hindus accept that what occurs in this life, influences what will befall them in their next life. This is known as Karma. In the event that they do beneficial things, they will get awards in their next life and in the event that they do terrible things, they will be rebuffed in their next life and could be reawakened into a poor family or they could be brought into the world with a handicap. This thought is upheld up by the statement: The world can't stay alive for a solitary second without yajna. Yajna implies a demonstration coordinated to the government assistance of others, managed without wanting any arrival for it Gandhi The statement shows getting great Karma, satisfying wants and heading towards a more promising time to come. Samsara is the pattern of a spirit being passed starting with one body then onto the next. This can likewise be upheld up from the statement As a man takes off destroyed garments, and puts on new ones, in like manner the atman pushes off destroyed bodies and goes into others which are new Bhagavad Gita 2:22 This is contrasting the pattern of Samsara with us changing our old garments and putting on new ones (like a cycle). Hindus put stock in Moksha. Moksha is the point at which an Atman is discharged and turns out to be a piece of God. It is viewed as the most noteworthy reason forever. Lead me from the incredible to the genuine, from the murkiness to the light, from death to eternality Brihadaranyaka 1:3:28 The statement is taken from a supplication and is looking at being lead from one thing into the other and into interminability. This speaks to Moksha in light of the fact that it is looking at being lead into everlasting status which is viewed as probably the most elevated point throughout everyday life. The entirety of the words referenced (Atman, Samsara, Karma, Moksha and Re-manifestation) connect together. They are completely identified with the passing of somebody and how their life can influence what occurs after their demise (existence in the wake of death). Here I am going to discuss how Hindus convictions about existence in the wake of death can influence the manner by which they decide to live their lives. Re-manifestation is the resurrection of a spirit into another body. It can impact what Hindus do in their lives since they won't be frightened of death, they won't be as dismal when somebody passes on the grounds that they realize the individual will be reawakened and they think about every life on earth to create them self more and inevitably reach Moksha. Atman is an enternal soul which lives on always, in any event, when the individual kicks the bucket. Atman can influence the manner in which Hindus live their lives in light of the fact that at a burial service they don't consider the to be as significant and consequently dispose of it, they center around the spirit proceeding onward to another body, and being reawakened. Karma influences what you are renewed as, on the off chance that you do beneficial things you get reawakened with remunerations, in the event that you do terrible things you are renewed with disciplines. The world can't remain alive for a solitary second without yajna. Yajna implies a demonstration coordinated to the government assistance of others, managed without wanting any arrival for it Gandhi This clearly influences the manner in which Hindus live their lives since they need to get great Karma. They can accomplish that by appealing to God, being benevolent to others and different things that will profit themselves as well as others also. It additionally implies that most Hindus won't carry out wrongdoing, since they will be rebuffed in a later life. In Hindu burial services the body isn't significant so they consume it on a memorial service fire. This represents the arrival of the soul and the blazes themselves speak to the nearness of the God Brahma who is the maker God. The principle viewpoint is the arrival of the Atman, and liberating it so it tends to be reawakened. Customs happen to enable the spirit to proceed on its excursion. They are as a very remarkable festival as they are a recognition administration. Ghandi is one of the most respected Hindus on the planet. He is celebrated for his peaceful fights against bias in South Africa, and British Rule in India. Ghandi is a case of a Hindu who follows their convictions; he doesnt use savagery and has a great deal of strict resilience. He showed individuals how to utilize a turning haggle them into better individuals. He doesnt get things done for himself yet to support others, he endures so others can live better lives. Everybody ought to make an amazing most and disregard what may occur straightaway I feel that a Hindu would differ with this announcement since they accept that what occurs in this life can influence their next. They think about their next life as significant. They would need to make a mind-blowing most, yet appreciate it by doing beneficial things so they can get great karma and be renewed with remunerations in their next life. I imagine that an Atheist would concur with the announcement since they don't have confidence in Re-manifestation, they dont have confidence in God. They feel individuals ought to have the option to do anything they desire with no outcomes and not be impacted by religion. Christians would mostly concur and differ on the grounds that they have confidence in paradise and damnation and need to go to paradise after their demise. Anyway they don't accept that there is an existence in the wake of death and they dont trust you will be reawakened. By and by I would concur with the announcement since I dont have faith in re-manifestation. I figure individuals ought to appreciate existence without stressing what may occur straightaway. Anyway I concur with Hindus to a degree since I still dont figure individuals ought to have the option to carry out wrongdoings and not get rebuffed for them. They should simply be rebuffed in a similar life not the following as I feel it is a new beginning.

General Motors with Lean Manufacturing

General Motors with Lean Manufacturing An Introduction of GM Global Manufacturing System Operations Management Team Project Contributed by We Make A+ (sort by number): †2009 050 444 †2010 049 712 †2010 054 149 †2010 059 605 †9125 620 120 Division of Business Administration, Hanyang Univ. ERICA Ansan, December 2012 Contents Part 1. Review of General Motors2 1. 1 Why General Motors? 2 1. 2 Introduction of General Motors3 1. 3 Basic Information3 1. 4 History of GM4 1. 5 GM's family4 Part 2. Presentation of Lean Manufacturing4 2. 1 Definition5 2. 2 Lean and TPS5 2. 3 Theme: Efficiency6Part 3. GM’s Global Manufacturing System6 3. 1 Application of Lean Manufacturing6 3. 2 In-Progress Control and Verification7 3. 3 Process Failure and Effect Analysis11 3. 4 Quality Feedback/Feedforward11 3. 5 Quality System Management13 Part 4. Comments14 4. 1 Achievements past Efficiency14 4. 2 A Too-Lean GM? 15 Bibliography16 Part 1. Diagram of General Motors 1. 1 Why Gener al Motors? First car industry has begun in 1885 since Karl Benz and Daimler create gas motor vehicles. The early car industry was costly ,slow and didn't escape from the structure of the wagon type.But The presentation of Henry Ford's transport line is route as to have the option to mass-delivered, it turned into the start of advancement. U. S. car organization try to go into the world in Europe ,since 1920's and by consolidating U. S.. ‘s vehicle creation innovation and Europe's image esteem, Europe developed as the biggest market on the planet. At the European economy will recoup in 1950, U. S. has sufficiently developed to possess 80% in world market and Europe constructed another item separation and expansion technique so as to relate to U. S. Now ought to be noticed that Japan's advance into world market.Because of Korean war, Japan established the framework of development and The 1960's, worldwide car advertise is developing, Japan take part in worldwide car showcase. Pa rticularly, Japan made new Labor-the board relations by new mechanical association and unmistakable creation way, and spreading Toyota creation framework and JIT way to deal with become increasingly serious, They were shaped 3 spellbound framework to rule the world market with U. S. furthermore, Europe. From that point onward, Before and after the 1980's, Asian nations, including nations, for example, Mexico and Brazil partook in worldwide car showcase as a weapon low-pay and little vehicle. In 1990's, U.S. lead worldwide car advertise expanding center abilities by advancement to reengineering, benchmarking, rebuilding, and cutting back, and so forth, rivaling Japan. In the late 1990s, Automotive market experience extraordinary disarray because of oversupply and changing purchaser needs, and Multinational car organizations' M;A is significantly expanding, and few enormous organizations lead worldwide car advertise. In the progression of the car business, after foundation in 1908, GM establish the framework concentrating on to raise the size blending Buick, Cadillac, including 25 organizations and keep up first in quite a while between 1933 to 2008.Also, in household, GM is known for a ton of recognizable brands, for example, Chevrolet. Since GM defeat a few monetary emergency and still exist the focal point of the world's car industry organizations, we pick GM car industry organizations, we pick GM 1. 2 Introduction of General Motors General Motors Company ordinarily known as GM (General Motors Corporation before 2009), is an American worldwide car enterprise headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, and the world's biggest automobile producer, by vehicle unit deals, in 2011, utilizing 202,000 individuals and working together in approximately 157 countries.General Motors produces vehicles and trucks in 31 nations, and sells and administrations these vehicles through the accompanying four local sections, which are GM North America (GMNA), GM Europe (GME), GM Internat ional Operations (GMIO), and GM South America (GMSA), through which advancement, creation, showcasing and deals are composed in their separate world districts, in addition to as fifth portion GM Financial. 1. 3 Basic Information Industry †Automotive Founded †September 16, 1908 Founder(s) †William C. Durant Headquarters †Renaissance Center, Detroit, Michigan, the US Number of areas †156 offices on six continentsArea served †Worldwide Product †Automobiles, Financial Service 1. 4 History of GM 1908| Founded by William. C. Durant| 1910-1929| The ascent of the car caught minds and started innovation. | 1930-1959| GM’s pledge to advancement loaned idealism during wild world occasions. | 1960-1979| GM offered ground breaking answers to an undeniably eco-cognizant world. | 1980-1999| The end of the twentieth century brought gigantic worldwide development for GM| 2000-2008| Trying financial occasions saw GM grasping a suffering energy for advancement . Today| We are enthusiastic about planning, building and selling the world’s best vehicles. This vision joins us as a group and is the sign of our client driven culture. | 1. 5 GM's family Part 2. Presentation of Lean Manufacturing 2. 1 Definition What is lean manufacturing(lean)? Lean assembling, lean endeavor, or lean creation, regularly basically, â€Å"Lean,† is a creation practice that considers the use of assets for any objective other than the formation of significant worth for the end client to be inefficient, and in this way an objective for elimination.Working from the viewpoint of the client who expends an item or administration, â€Å"value† is characterized as any activity or procedure that a client would pay for. Basically, lean is focused on saving an incentive with less work. Lean assembling is an administration reasoning got generally from the Toyota Production System (TPS) (thus the term Toyotism is likewise pervasive) and recognized as  "Lean† just during the 1990s. TPS is eminent for its emphasis on decrease of the first Toyota seven squanders to improve in general client esteem, yet there are differing points of view on how this is best achieved.The consistent development of Toyota, from a little organization to the world's biggest automaker, has concentrated consideration on how it has made this progress. 2. 2 Lean and TPS Lean is an administration reasoning created from the Toyota Production System (TPS) and recognized as Lean during the 1990s. The Toyota Production System (TPS) is an incorporated socio-specialized framework, created by Toyota, that includes its administration reasoning and practices. The TPS sorts out assembling and coordinations for the car producer, incorporating communication with providers and clients. The framework is a significant antecedent of the more nonexclusive â€Å"lean fabricating. Taiichi Ohno, Shigeo Shingo and Eiji Toyoda built up the framework somewhere in the range of 1948 and 1975. Initially called â€Å"just-in-time production,† it expands on the methodology made by the organizer of Toyota, Sakichi Toyoda, his child Kiichiro Toyoda, and the designer Taiichi Ohno. The standards basic the TPS are epitomized in The Toyota Way. TPS centers around decrease of the first Toyota seven wastesâ to improve generally client esteem. Be that as it may, there are differing viewpoints on how this is best accomplished. 2. 3 Theme: Efficiency Lean assembling is a minor departure from the topic ofâ efficiencyâ based on upgrading flow.It is a present-day occurrence of the common topic in mankind's history toward expanding proficiency, diminishing waste, and utilizing exact techniques to choose what makes a difference, as opposed to uncritically tolerating previous thoughts. All things considered, it is a section in the bigger story that additionally incorporates such thoughts as the society astuteness of frugality, time and movement study, Taylorism, th e Efficiency Movement, and Fordism. Lean assembling is regularly observed as an increasingly refined rendition of before productivity endeavors, expanding upon crafted by before pioneers, for example, Taylor or Ford, and gaining from their mistakes.Part 3. GM’s Global Manufacturing System 3. 1 Application of Lean Manufacturing To be increasingly serious in the worldwide car industry, General Motors is focused on some key needs; get normal; think lean and run quick; contend on a worldwide premise; develop the business and in particular spotlight on the item. GM Manufacturing is committed to lean and basic as exhibited by a solitary, worldwide assembling approach †a technique that is changing the manner in which it structures its items, spreads out plants, chooses gear and plan every get together plant administrator's job.The GM Global Manufacturing System-or GMS-is a significant structure square of a coordinated procedure to create items that energize clients in business sectors around the globe. 3. 2 In-Progress Control and Verification In-Process Control and Verification incorporates the plan and motivation behind the BIQ proverb: â€Å"Satisfy your client; don't acknowledge, construct or boat an imperfection! Take care of issues through cooperation. † Quality desires are accomplished in each procedure to guarantee absconds are not given to downstream process. All things considered, it brings up an issue, how to accomplish client satisfaction?General Motors has three ways for taking care of this issue. In any case, counteraction stays away from surrenders or non-gauges happening. Also, Detectionâ€identify when surrenders or non-norms have happened. Finally, use regulation to guarantee absconds or non-principles are not passed on. I will present these three strategies in the next minutes. The advantages of In-Process Control and Verification comprise of three perspectives: * To outside clients (individuals purchasing our vehicle), it shie lds clients from unacceptable vehicle quality; it guarantees consumer loyalty. To interior clients (downstream activity), it forestalls significant fix and revamp by identifying a non-congruity right off the bat all the while; it keeps the progression of imperfections from office to division and station to station. * To inner custome

American reporter said to be OK Essay Example For Students

American columnist said to be OK Essay it sucksPOLICE IN Karachi revealed to NBC News that Saeeds capture was a significant advancement and that he unveiled Pearl was as yet alive during an underlying cross examination. Independently, Jamil Yousuf, leader of a resident police contact panel, cited Saeed as saying of Pearl, Hes alive. Hes OK. In any case, NBCs Robert Windrem detailed that while the United States trusts Saeed assumed a focal job in the abducting, authorities are uncertain about whether he knows the whereabouts of the journalist. Saeed, a British-brought into the world Islamic activist, was captured Tuesday evening in the eastern city of Lahore and sent to Karachi for addressing, service secretary Tasneem Noorani told The Associated Press. Saeeds capture was declared one day before Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf is to meet President Bush in Washington. The seizing humiliated the Musharraf government, which is looking for U.S. help as it endeavors to battle Muslim fanaticism in this dominatingly Islamic nation of 147 million individuals. Relations between the United States and Pakistan have heated up altogether since the Islamabad government consented to help the U.S. war on psychological warfare in Afghanistan, where Pakistan had been a big fan of the firm stance Taliban regime.Advertisement RELEASED AFTER HIJACKINGSaeed, a 27-year-old British brought into the world Islamic aggressor, was liberated from an Indian prison in December 1999 in return for travelers of an Indian Airlines fly which was command eered on a local trip to Kandahar, Afghanistan. The child of a garments shipper from Wanstead in east London, Saeed learned at the London School of Economics. Lonnie Kelley, representative for the U.S. Department in Karachi, said they had no word on Pearls destiny and were attempting to affirm that Saeed has been captured. We are investigating it, however nothing on Daniel yet, he said. Steve Goldstein, a VP and representative for Dow Jones, the Wall Street Journals parent organization, declined to remark on whether the capture uncovered new data about Pearls snatching. We keep on staying cheerful, Goldstein said in a phone meet. He likewise declined to remark on points of interest of the case. NOT A CAR CHASEA group of cops from the southern area of Sindh had been in Lahore looking for Saeed throughout the previous scarcely any days, the administration run news organization Associated Press of Pakistan detailed Tuesday. Police didn't uncover the conditions of Omars capture, however said they had been gathering together his partners and attacking their homes as of late. The police were squeezing his contacts, the Interior Ministrys Noorani told Reuters. He was gotten up p.m. (5 a.m. ET), hes being investigated and he is being taken to Karachi where he will be additionally cross examined. It wasnt a vehicle pursue or anything, he was captured calmly, Noorani included later. The central suspect is with us and were confident that will prompt the arrangement of the case.

Rogerian Argument Are The SATs Outdated - Free Essay Example

It is a little known fact that the tax bracket one’s family falls under can give an idea of what ones SAT score would be, which has some saying that it is biased to the more fortunate. The latter half of a students high school experience is a very stressful time, not only have to juggle numerous after school activities, college tours and applications, but also have to cope with the stress of standardized testing such as the SATs. Some of those stress factors, such as the SATs, are seen outdated and unfair to some students and either need to be wiped away completely or changed drastically in the opposers opinions. The fact of the matter is the seemingly never ending debate on whether the SATs are outdated and or unfair, and the question everyone wants to know the answer to is if they should still even be in use. Are the SATs an accurate representation of intellect, or are they an outdated biased way for colleges to be selective? Many feel that the SATs are an accurate representation of intelligence, and give a valuable indicator of a students potential, and college success. Jeffery Penn, a reporter for the New York Academy of Sciences, says â€Å"the standardized college admissions test continues to be a reliable predictor of college success. In addition, for some subjects, SAT scores are statistically more consistent predictors of college freshman grades than high school grades†(Penn). What Penn, an advocate for standardized testing is stating is that there is a well founded correlation of college grades and SAT scores, which is a more accurate correlation than that of college grades and high school grades. Jack Buckley, the former commissioner for the national center for education statistics describes these tests as a â€Å"neutral yardstick for measuring student potential and performance† (Buckley). One, like Buckley, might say that the SAT score in many cases mirrors first year college perf ormance, and is a valuable tool for colleges to be sure they are getting a spot filled with a valuable scholar. Furthermore, Gaston Caperton, a former governor, and the president of the College Board, states that SATs Help Colleges Make Smarter Admissions Calls,(Caperton). When students are equally as impressive with their GPAs and such, colleges have no other tools but the SAT scores to determine college preparedness, making it an important step in the application process. Overall many feel as if the SATs should be here to stay, because they have an important role in maintaining a level playing field, and are a reliable source on finding out important characteristics of students. While many question the validity of the SATs, and feel it is an obsolete tool, It does seem to be helpful in some aspects of the application process, and has been for 93 years. The colleges have every right to put tough decisions in the hands of the college boards exam because it is very difficult to decide on students who are head to head with activities and grades. The admissions team of many schools believe that it is a key indicator of college readiness, and how students handle stress independently and have the statistics to prove it as well. Therefore the test is seen as the most valuable and reliable tool for those selective schools. Contrary to the beliefs previously discussed, many professionals, parents, and scholars believe that the SATs are not a reliable indicator of college readiness and intellect. First, many believe these tests tend to favor the fortunate, and turn a blind eye to those of whom are poverty stricken. Cooper Aspegren, a news editor for the oracle, says â€Å"socioeconomically disadvantaged test-takers simply cannot afford the benefits of SAT preparation services in the form of private tutors or classes that cost thousands of dollars.†(Aspegren). When the test rolls around, these students are already at a disadvantage before entering the test room. Another reason for people feeling the SATs are obsolete is the fact that it lacks a very important skill set within the actual test, that colleges actually value. The test undisputedly lacks â€Å"outside the box thinking† which is a trait colleges seek for enrollment. Randon Busteed, the executive director of Gallup education specif ically states that â€Å"the biggest problem with standardized testing is that it seeks standardized answers. Were not just overinvesting in standardized testing, were actually testing standardization†(Busteed). With that being said, the SATs are designed for students to have the same or similar answers. While it is important for there to be a test in place that tests this type of intellect, it is apparent we are missing many other forms of intelligence and competencies. Bad test takers are often those who think outside the box, and find other ways to figure something out. The true claim people like Aspegren are stating, is that the problem solvers are at a disadvantage. One who disputes the fact that the SATs are outdated can not dispute some of the facts. Those who cant afford the test tutoring tend to do worse on their scores than those who can afford the very expensive tutoring, and there is data to prove it. Also, the SATs lack all but standardized intelligence, which is undeniably an important trait but the many others can not be forgotten about. As of right now the SATs have some good qualities, but lack fairness and inclusiveness which makes the test not as great as it could/should be. As of now, the SATs are an unfair test and are not a valid way to measure intelligence. It is reasonable to measure intelligence in a test, but not just standardized intelligence. While it is unlikely that the SATs will be disregarded, the more ideal option would be to fix the test, starting with cost. The college board should offer free tutoring for the test, and financial aid for those who normally wouldnt be able to afford the test. The test should also mix in some outside the box thinking options for those who are creative. The SATs should place higher emphasis on parts that make students stand out as individuals. If the college board were to alter the test, it would be looked at as more of an opportunity for all, rather than a setback for some. With that being said, the test is not too far gone, and should be fixed because it decides the fate of many, so it should at least be fair.

Mcdonalisation Concepts in Marketing and Consumption - 2750 Words

Benefits Mcdonalisation Concepts to NGO in Marketing and Consumption (Research Paper Sample) Content: Marketing and Consumption DecisionsStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s nameInstitution affiliationMarketing and consumption decisionsBackgroundMarketing is described as the process through which groups and individuals obtain what they want and need by exchanging and creating products and value with others (Same, 2012). Thus, marketing is the process of delivering customer satisfaction at a profit. The objective of marketing is to satisfy the needs and wants of a customer better than the competitor. There are a variety of activities that are involved in marketing. These activities include identifying the needs of the customers, designing of the product, promotion of the products or services benefits with the aim of motivating purchase, pricing and ensuring that products are available to the target group (Dibb, Simkin, Pride Ferrell, 2006). According to Dibb, et al. (2006) to ensure effective marketing, there are various core marketing concepts to be put into consideration. These core concepts include; first, the consumer wants, needs and demand. It is quite essential to put into consideration the needs and wants of the consumer. When a product or service has been designed to meet specific needs and wants it becomes easy to market. There is also the need to consider the consumer demand and to understand what influence such demand. The importance of understanding the consumer demand is to ensure that there is enough market for the product or service. Second, products and services- products are anything that could be offered to meet the needs or wants of the market. Services, on the other hand, are the benefits or the activities offered for sale that essentially does not result in ownership of anything. Marketing concentrates on creating awareness and demand for the products and services on the market (Dibb, et al., 2006). Third, value satisfaction and quality- an organization products or services ought to create value for the consumer. The value of the product o r service can be determined with respect to what products or services well satisfy the needs and wants of the consumer. To ensure a competitive edge in the market, an organization should ensure that its services and products are of superior quality (Dibb, et al., 2006). Fourth, exchange, transactions and relationships- an organization should put into consideration how consumers obtain services and products. In marketing, the organization should ensure that obtaining of the organization's products and services is convenient. It should, therefore, be essential to ensure that products are services can easily be accessed by the target market. It would also be important for the management of the organization to ensure the existence of an effective marketing network which usually includes the company and its stakeholders. Fifth, the market- there is the need to identify the target market. The essence of identifying the target market is to ensure that marketing efforts are directed to the right group. Failure to identify the target market could result in wastage of the organization resources (Dibb, et al., 2006).DiscussionMcDonalisation is considered as the process of rationalization taken to the extreme levels. According to the realization concepts, every task can be rationalized. Rationalization means to substitute the traditionally illogical rules with logically consistent rules (Ritzer, 1983). Ritzer (1983) argues that one of the most important rules of rationalization is the fact that any task can be rationalized. McDonalisation process involves breaking down tasks into smaller tasks until all tasks are broken into the smallest tasks possible. After breaking of the tasks, they are rationalized with the aim of finding the most efficient method of completing each task. Inefficient methods are then discarded. The process of McDonalisation results in the creation of the logical, efficient sequence that can be used in the same way every time with the objective of pro ducing the desired outcome (Ritzer, 1983). According to Ritzer (2011), McDonaldisation comprises of four significant components which include, control, calculability, efficiency and predictability. Under control the processes and employees are standardized, and the organisation replaces them with non-human technology. Calculability refers to quantifiable objectives where quantity is seen as quality. Efficiency is the minimization of the time used in accomplishing a particular task. Predictability is the ability of the consumers to predict the possibility of receiving the same product and services whenever they interact with a MacDonald organisation.The society and Not-for-profit organisation could derive some benefits from the McDonalisation concepts. These benefits would be related to the concepts of control, predictability, calculability and efficiency. However, McDonalisation is not without critiques. Alfino, Caputo Wynyard (1998) argue that these concepts have been heavily cr iticized due to their adverse consequence among them being dehumanisation, homogenisation of the organisation cultures as well as the potential threats of rationalisation to the human health and the environment. One of the most significant costs is the problems that the environment and the consumers suffer due to organisation efficiencies (Alfino, et al., 1998). For example, adoption of just-in-time systems is likely to result in increased traffic jams in the cities and increased fuel consumption which could push the fuel prices upwards. Various studies have also indicated that while organisations are likely to benefit from the increased efficiency, environmental costs are internalized and passed to the consumers (Alfino, et al., 1988). Alfino, et al., (1988) argue that McDonalisation has also been criticised in the aspects that increased efficiency in the production of agricultural products could, in the long run, threaten the human health. For example, increased use of genetically modified food could contribute to health problems.Wilkie Moore (2012) argue that marketing to a greater extent influences the societal behaviour due to its power of persuasion. The objective of marketing is to persuade the society on particular aspects of life while to the consumers marketing provides a means of learning. Consumers to some extent believe the content of marketing, and thus, they could change their way of life due to marketing influences. The society also uses the information from marketing groups to determine the products that provide the best value and those which are most reliable. It is often this information that consumers use in forming customer royalty. It could also be argued that marketing affects the societal economy. Successful marketing is likely to result in increased sales which would translate to businesses expansion, increased taxes, and employment creation. Marketing to some extent has also resulted in increased social evils. For example, a markete r encouraging the use of condoms to safeguard for sexually transmitted diseases could be interpreted as encouraging cheating in relationships.On the other hand, society also does influence marketing. When marketing, the marketers need to understand the needs and wants of the consumers. Marketing is thus shaped depending on the needs and wants of the consumers. Often marketers conduct research on the consumers with the aim of understanding their behaviour and what influences such behaviour. Such researches to a greater extent determine the marketing strategy to be used by an organisation in marketing its products. A company should also consider the socio-cultural factors when designing a marketing strategy. The socio-cultural factors do affect the buyers and consumers decisions to purchase a product. The socio-cultural factors include lifestyles, values and customs that characterize a society (Cook, Cheshire, Rice Nakagawa, 2013). The need to consider the social-cultural factors whe n designing a marketing strategy is to ensure that the strategy is appealing to the right target. One of the factors contributing to the failure of the marketing strategy is the failure to identify the needs, wants and values of the target group. For example, a pork company marketing strategy targeting Muslims may significantly fail because Muslims are not pork consumers due to their religious beliefs. In summary, marketing and society have a correlation thus one has an effect on the other.According to Emerson (1976) the social exchange theory explains that human relationships are created through comparison and cost benefits analysis of various alternatives. Further, the theory explains that social behaviour result from social as well as economic outcomes. The social exchange thus involves a connection with an individual based on trust rather than legal obligation. The exchange theory is based on the following important concepts; first, cost and rewards- according to the theory the relationship decisions are based on costs and rewards. Costs are defined as elements of life that impact negatively on a person. These costs could include effort, money and time. Rewards are defined as the elements that impact positively on an individual. Rewards could thus include companionship, support and acceptance. The argument of the exchange theory is that people determine the overall worth by considering rewards and the cost.According to Emerson (1976), there are some propositions that would help in the understanding of the exchange theory. These include; * The alternatives likely to be chosen are from those people expect the highest profit. * Where cost is equal, individuals choose the alternatives where they expect highest rewards. * If the immediate results are equal, individuals will choose the alternative that promises better outcomes in the long run. * If rewards are equal individuals are more likely to choose the alternatives th...